硬碳负极材料储钠性能的提升策略

Strategies for Improving Sodium Storage Performance of Hard Carbon Anode Materials

钠离子电池(SIBs)被认为是最有希望在大规模储能领域应用的新体系。寻找低成本、高性能的负极材料成为钠离子电池发展的关键,而硬碳(HC)被认为是最有希望工业化的负极材料之一。针对硬碳材料首次库伦效率(ICE)低、倍率性能差以及循环稳定性差等缺点,本文基于硬碳材料的微观结构特征及其储钠机制,综述了包括碳化过程调控、异原子掺杂、表面修饰、电解液优化等提升硬碳负极材料储钠性能的策略,并对硬碳材料设计思路进行了总结。

Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are the most promising new system for large-scale energy storage applications.Finding low cost and high-performance anode materials has become the key to the development of sodium ion batteries.Hard carbon(HC)is one of the most promising anode materials for industrialization.In view of the shortcomings of HC materials,such as low first coulombic efficiency(ICE),poor magnification performance and poor cycling stability,this paper reviews the strategies to improve the sodium storage performance of HC anode materials based on the microstructure characteristics and sodium storage mechanism of HC materials,including carbonation process regulation,heteroatomic doping,surface modification,electrolyte optimization etc.The design thought of hard carbon materials is summarized at last.