相向而行的“主体改造”:延安时期新闻场域的两种“新女性”

Approaching Each Other in the“Remaking of Subjectivity”:Two Types of“New Women”in the Journalistic Field during the Yan’an Period

延安时期妇女解放实践是中国现代妇女运动的一段重要历史经验,既往研究较多瞩目经济生产领域的妇女身影,本文聚焦延安时期新闻场域中两位典型的“新女性”:农村妇女李锦秀在纺纱劳动之余读报写稿,关心和参与村庄公共事务,赢得乡土社会的“人人敬仰”,成为闻名边区的模范通讯员、妇女文化英雄;报社编辑陈学昭在新闻与写作之余纺纱劳动,在生产运动中进行艰辛的自我改造,成为“小资产阶级知识分子”转型为革命者的典范。处在不同位置的“新型的妇女”与“新的知识分子”,各自前行又彼此靠拢,形成一种互为镜像的奇妙关系,体现出革命政治对于群众和知识分子“双向改造”的规范性要求,蕴含着未来社会主义实践的新逻辑。

The practice of women's liberation in the Yan'an period is an important historical experience of women's movement in modern China.While previous studies have focused more on women forerunners in economic production,this article focuses on two types of“new women”standing out in journalism during the period.Li Jin-xiu,a rural woman,read newspapers and wrote reports while spinning,cared about and participated in the public affairs of her village,and was honored as a model women correspondent,earning the admiration of everyone in the local society.Chen Xue-zhao,an editor of the press,spun and toiled while reading and writing,undertaking an arduous self-transformation in the production movement to become an example of the transformation of the“petty-bourgeois intellectual”into a revolutionary.The“new rural women”and the“new intellectuals”in different positions,moving forward and close to each other,form a marvelous relationship of mutual mirror image that reflect the normative requirements of the revolutionary politics for the“two-way transformation”of the masses and the intellectuals.Such transformation implies a new logic for the socialist future.