电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定尾气净化用金属载体催化剂中的铂、钯和铑含量

Determination of Platinum,Palladium,and Rhodium Content in Metal Carrier Catalysts for Exhaust Gas Purification by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

如何精准地测定汽车尾气催化剂的贵金属含量(铂、钯、铑),对于控制贵金属的成本、回收贵金属及控制催化剂的性能具有重要意义。试验采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法来测定尾气用净化金属载体催化剂中的铂(Pt)、钯(Pd)和铑(Rh)含量。具有而言,含有尾气净化用金属载体催化剂的试样采用盐酸进行预处理,然后加入聚环氧乙烷溶液降低胶粒对过滤的影响,过滤产物在马弗炉(300℃)内进行炭化处理,并加入20 g Na_(2)O_(2),经过沉淀凝聚实现富集分离。最后,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪对分离的铂、钯、铑的含量进行测定。在样品测定过程中,Pt、Pd和Rh的加标回收率分布范围表现良好,分别为97.1%~109.0%、91.0%~101.8%和93.2%~102.2%。该方法具有快速定量分析、检出限较低、精密度良好、动态范围宽的特点,为贵金属检测行业的标准制定奠定了数据理论支撑。

How to accurately determine the precious metal content(platinum,palladium,rhodium)of automotive exhaust catalysts is of great significance for controlling the cost of precious metals,recovering precious metals,and controlling the performance of catalysts.The experiment uses inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy to determine the content of platinum(Pt),palladium(Pd),and rhodium(Rh)in the purification metal carrier catalyst for exhaust gas.Specifically,the sample containing a metal carrier catalyst for tail gas purification is pretreated with hydrochloric acid,and then a solution of polyethylene oxide is added to reduce the influence of particles on filtration,and the filtered product is carbonized in a muffle furnace(300℃)and 20 g of Na_(2)O_(2) is added for enrichment and separation through precipitation and coagulation.Finally,the content of separated platinum,palladium,and rhodium is determined by using an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer.During the sample determination process,the spiked recoveries of Pt,Pd,and Rh show a good range distribution,ranging from 97.1%to 109.0%,91.0%to 101.8%,and 93.2%to 102.2%,respectively.This method has the characteristics of rapid quantitative analysis,low detection limit,good precision,and wide dynamic range,laying a theoretical foundation for the formulation of standards in the precious metal detection industry.