国际外部需求变化与企业贸易升级——基于出口技术复杂度视角

Changes in International External Demand and Enterprise Trade Upgrading--Based on the Perspective of Export Technological Complexity

在全球经济增长乏力、国际市场需求疲软的背景下,本文从企业层面探讨了国际外部需求变化对中国企业贸易升级的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,正向外部需求显著提高了企业出口技术复杂度,有效促进了中国出口企业贸易升级。影响机制表明,正向需求冲击通过促进企业投资和中间品进口种类扩张两个渠道促进中国企业贸易升级。本文还探讨了在外部需求不变时内需变化和政府补贴对企业贸易升级的影响,发现扩大内需和增加政府补贴并不能有效提升中国出口技术复杂度水平。本文对在不确定性环境下促进中国对外贸易“稳量提质”具有重要的借鉴意义。

In the aspect of enterprises,this paper explored the effect and impact mechanisms of external demand changes on the trade upgrade of Chinese enterprises under the context of anaemic economic growth globally and weak demand in international markets.The paper notices that the positive external demand significantly improves the export technology complexity of enterprises and effectively enhances the trade upgrade of Chinese exportenterprises,which is achieved by positive demand shocks through two channels:boosting enterprise investment and expanding types of intermediate input imports,as impact mechanisms indicate.In addition,the paper also discusses the influence of domestic demand changes and government subsidies on the trade upgrade of enterprises ifexternal demands remain unchanged,and concludes that the export technology complexity of Chinese enterprises cannot be improved effectively by expanding domestic demands or increasing government subsidies.The paper provides a significant reference for spurring steady and high-quality growth in Chinese foreign trade at a time of uncertainty.