中青年2型糖尿病患者智谋现状及影响因素研究

Current status and influencing factors of resourcefulness in young and middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

目的了解中青年2型糖尿病患者智谋现状及其影响因素,为中青年2型糖尿病患者智谋干预方案的制定提供参考。方法采用方便抽样法,使用一般资料调查表、智谋量表(Resourcefulness Scale,RS)、2型糖尿病病耻感评估量表(Type 2 Diabetes Stigma Assessment Scale,DSAS-2)对2022年11月至2023年4月于湖南省某两所三级甲等医院内分泌科就诊的272例中青年2型糖尿病患者行问卷调查,其中男198例,女74例,年龄(49.36±8.89)岁。统计学方法采用t检验、方差分析、相关性分析、多元线性回归分析。结果272例中青年2型糖尿病患者智谋量表评分为(75.53±11.42)分,处于中等水平,其中个人智谋维度得分为(45.26±7.51)分,社会智谋维度得分为(30.26±5.60)分。除了不同病程、合并症数量、治疗方式、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)患者外,不同年龄、性别、文化程度、职业、个人月收入、医保类型、并发症数量的患者智谋水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(t=3.890、2.099,F=45.556、18.883、40.970、21.060、3.306,均P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,智谋与病耻感呈负相关(r=-0.396,P<0.001);多元线性回归分析结果显示,性别(t=-2.915,P=0.004)、年龄(t=-3.004,P=0.003)、文化程度(t=4.714,P<0.001)、个人月收入(t=5.066,P<0.001)、病耻感(t=-6.270,P<0.01)是中青年2型糖尿病患者智谋水平的重要影响因素,共解释中青年2型糖尿病患者智谋总变异的45.8%。结论中青年2型糖尿病患者智谋处于中等水平。临床工作者应加强关注女性、年龄较大、文化程度较低、低收入、存在病耻感的中青年2型糖尿病患者,根据患者情况开展特异性干预,以进一步改善患者智谋水平。

Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of resourcefulness in young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and to provide references for the formulation of resourcefulness intervention program.Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select 272 young and middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated in the endocrinology departments of two grade A hospitals in Hunan Province from November 2022 to April 2023,including 198 males and 74 females who were(49.36±8.89)years old.They were surveyed using the general information questionnaire,Resourcefulness Scale(RS),and Type 2 Diabetes Stigma Assessment Scale(DSAS-2).t test,ANOVA,correlation analysis,and multiple linear regression analysis were applied.Results The overall score of RS in the patients was(75.53±11.42),which was at a medium level;the score of personal resourcefulness was(45.26±7.51);the score of social resourcefulness was(30.26±5.60).Except between the patients with different courses of disease,numbers of comorbidities,treatment methods,and body mass indexes(BMI),there were statistical differences in the resourcefulness level between the patients with different ages,genders,educational levels,occupations,personal monthly incomes,medical insurance types,and numbers of complications(t=3.890 and 2.099;F=45.556,18.883,40.970,21.060,and 3.306;all P<0.05).The Pearson correlation analysis showed that resourcefulness was negatively correlated with stigma(r=-0.396,P<0.001).The multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender(t=-2.915,P=0.004),age(t=-3.004,P=0.003),education level(t=4.714,P<0.001),personal monthly income(t=5.066,P<0.001),and stigma(t=-6.270,P<0.001)were important factors influencing the resourcefulness of the patients,accounting for 45.8%of the total resourcefulness variation in the patients.Conclusions The resourcefulness of young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is at a medium level.Clinicians should pay more attention to female,older,less educated,low income,and stigma-existed middle-aged and young people with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and carry out specific interventions according to their conditions to further improve their resourcefulness.