云南6个特有少数民族成人维生素D营养状况分析

Analysis on Nutritional Status of Vitamin D Among Adults of 6 Ethnic Minority Groups Native to Yunnan Province

目的分析云南6个特有少数民族成人维生素D营养状况及相关因素。方法2019年5月至2020年8月,在基诺族、布朗族、景颇族、德昂族、阿昌族和普米族聚居地按照第六次全国人口普查的年龄和性别构成共抽取690名成人。由经过培训的调查员进行问卷调查和体格测量,并采用液相色谱串联质谱法检测血清25羟维生素D[25(OH)D]。结果调查对象血清25(OH)D中位数为28.7(P25~P75∶24.3~33.8)ng/mL;维生素D充足、不足和缺乏的比例分别为44.2%、47.5%和8.3%。各民族成人血清维生素D水平差异存在统计学意义(χ^(2)=139.29,P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,居住地纬度相对较高的普米族、景颇族、德昂族和阿昌族,女性以及超重肥胖者更易出现维生素D不足或缺乏。结论超过一半的云南特有少数民族成人面临着维生素D营养不良的问题,且各民族间存在差异,应进一步加强对重点地区和人群的监测和干预。

Objective To assess the nutritional status of vitamin D and associated factors among adults of six ethnic minority groups native to Yunnan Province,and provide evidence for policy making.Methods Between May 2019 and August 2020,a total of 690 adults were selected from Jinuo,Bulang,Jingpo,Deang,Achang and Pumi ethnic groups according to the sex and age composition in the 6th national census.A questionnaire survey and an anthropometric examination were conducted by trained health workers,and serum 25(OH)D levels were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Results The median of serum 25(OH)D was 28.7(P25~P75∶24.3~33.8)ng/mL,and the prevalence of vitamin D sufficiency,insufficiency and deficiency were 44.2%、47.5%and 8.3%,respectively.There were significant differences in serum 25(OH)D levels among the six ethnic groups(χ^(2)=139.29,P<0.01).Multivariate logistic regression showed that ethnic groups living in higher latitude areas(Pumi,Jingpo,Deang,and Achang),women,and those whose BMI≥24.0 were more likely to be vitamin D insufficient or deficient.Conclusion More than half of the ethnic adults suffer from vitamin D malnutrition which also varies across ethnicities.Further surveillance and interventions among key areas and populations are needed.