河南省部分医院压力蒸汽灭菌器灭菌性能监测与效果评价

Performance monitoring and effectiveness evaluation of pressure steam sterilizers in some hospitals in Henan province

目的掌握压力蒸汽灭菌器性能状况,指导压力蒸汽灭菌器使用。方法选择河南省7所医院,并对其正在使用中的压力蒸汽灭菌器进行生物监测和灭菌过程中物理参数实时监测。采用SPSS 25.0对数据进行统计分析。结果2016—2022年,共监测7所哨点医院压力蒸汽灭菌器356台次,生物监测全部合格。灭菌温度合格331台次,总合格率92.98%,灭菌期实测最低灭菌温度与设定灭菌温度差值M(P_(25),P_(75))为0.991(0.612,1.516)℃,灭菌期实测最高灭菌温度与设定灭菌温度差值M(P_(25),P_(75))为1.644(1.353,2.369)℃。灭菌时间合格189台次,总合格率53.09%,实测灭菌时间超过设定灭菌时间百分率M(P_(25),P_(75))为10.00(4.86,17.75)%。三级医院灭菌温度合格率95.44%,高于二级医院合格率87.21%(χ^(2)=7.127,P<0.05);三级医院灭菌时间合格率52.09%,与二级医院合格率(52.33%)无统计学差异(χ^(2)=0.001,P>0.05)。2016—2022年灭菌温度的年度合格率分别为79.66%、97.73%、86.36%、95.35%、100.00%、97.10%和96.15%,各年度合格率不全相同(P<0.05);2016—2022年灭菌时间年度合格率分别为49.15%、40.91%、43.18%、67.44%、64.44%、52.17%和55.77%,各年度合格率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。各类压力蒸汽灭菌器灭菌温度、灭菌时间合格率均无统计学差异(P均>0.05)。结论灭菌时间合格率较低,建议加强压力蒸汽灭菌器管理,在保障灭菌效果的前提下,提高灭菌器物理参数的精准率。

Objective To understand the performance of pressure steam sterilizer and guide the use of pressure steam sterilizer.Methods The biological and physical parameters of pressure steam sterilizers in real time were monitored in 7 hospitals of randomly selected in Henan province.Perform statistical analysis on the data using SPSS 25.0.Results A total of 356 pressure steam sterilizers were monitored in 7 hospitals from 2016 to 2022.Biological monitoring was all qualified,with a total qualified rate of 100.00%.The sterilization temperature were qualified 331 times,with a total qualified rate of 92.98%.The difference M(P_(25),P_(75))between the minimum temperatue measured during the period of sterilization and the set temperature was 0.991(0.612,1.516)℃,and The difference M(P_(25),P_(75))between the maximum temperatue measured during the period of sterilization and the set temperature was 1.644(1.353,2.369)℃.The sterilization time was qualified for 189 times,with a total qualified rate of53.09%.The percentage M(P_(25),P_(75))of actual sterilization time exceeding the set time was 10.00(4.86,17.75)%.The qualified rate of sterilization temperature in tertiary hospitals was 95.44%,higher than 87.21%in secondary hospitals(χ^(2)=7.127,P<0.05).The qualified rate of sterilization time in tertiary hospitals was 52.09%,which had no statistical difference from 52.33%in secondary hospitals(χ^(2)=0.001,P>0.05).The annual qualified rates of sterilization temperature from 2016 to 2022 were 79.66%,97.73%,86.36%,95.35%,100.00%,97.10% and 96.15%,respectively,and these annual qualified rates were not all the same(P<0.05).The annual qualified rates of sterilization time from 2016 to 2022 were 49.15%,40.91%,43.18%,67.44%,64.44%,52.17% and 55.77%,respectively,and there was no statistical difference in these annual qualified rates(P>0.05).The qualified rates of sterilization temperature and sterilization time of pressure steam sterilizers were no statistical difference in the three qualified rates(P>0.05).Conclusions The qualification rate of sterilization time is relatively low.It is suggested to strengthen the management of pressure steam sterilizer and improve the accuracy of physical parameters of sterilizer on the premise of guaranteeing the sterilization effect.