哺乳动物中心体和初级纤毛的装配与功能

Assembly and Function of Centrosome and Primary Cilium in Mammals

中心体在细胞分裂过程中仅复制一次并被分配到子代细胞中,其在细胞退出分裂周期时开始组装初级纤毛。该文总结了中心体和初级纤毛在哺乳动物细胞周期中的动态装配机制,包括中心粒的结构变化与复制、中心体形成纺锤体极、初级纤毛的组装和去组装等过程。另外该文具体阐述了中心体作为微管组织中心和其在干细胞不对称分裂中的作用,以及初级纤毛作为信号中心的功能。最后以肿瘤和纤毛病为例,重点讨论了中心体和初级纤毛与疾病的关联。未来仍需深入研究和理解中心体和初级纤毛的基础生物学机制,以及它们的生理和病理功能。

Centrosomes are duplicated only once during cell division and distributed to daughter cells.They start to assemble primary cilia when cells exit the cell cycle.This article summarizes the dynamic assembly mechanisms of centrosomes and primary cilia in the mammalian cell cycle.These include centriole structural changes and duplication,centrosome formation of spindle poles,and primary cilia assembly and disassembly.This article also elaborates on the roles of centrosomes as microtubule organizing centers and their functions in stem cell asymmetric division.Moreover,it discusses the functions of primary cilia as signaling centers.This article then takes tumors and ciliopathies as examples to illustrate the association of centrosomes and primary cilia with diseases.In the future,it is essential to further study and understand the basic biological mechanisms of centrosomes and primary cilia,as well as their physiological and pathological functions.