中国老年人结核病防治核心信息知晓率及影响因素分析

Analysis of the awareness rate and correlates of core information on tuberculosis prevention and control in elderly in Chinese

目的了解中国老年人对结核病防治核心信息的知晓情况及其影响因素。方法纳入2020年“十三五”全国结核病防治规划终期评估的知晓率专项调查中全部≥60岁老年人,获得有效调查问卷13706份。采用多因素logistic回归分析老年人结核病防治核心信息知晓率的影响因素。结果我国≥60岁老年人结核病防治核心信息总知晓率为78.4%,其中“肺结核的可疑症状”的知晓率最高(85.4%),“肺结核是否可以治好”的知晓率最低(65.3%),老年人结核病核心信息全部知晓率为41.3%,接受结核病健康教育比例为67.6%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,老年人结核病防治核心信息全部知晓率低的影响因素包括女性(OR=0.93,95%CI:0.86~1.00);70~岁(OR=0.91,95%CI:0.84~0.98)和≥80岁(OR=0.77,95%CI:0.68~0.87);少数民族(OR=0.85,95%CI:0.74~0.99);全部知晓率高的影响因素包括文化程度初中(OR=1.46,95%CI:1.34~1.58)、高中(OR=1.62,95%CI:1.45~1.81)、大专(OR=1.37,95%CI:1.11~1.68)和本科及以上(OR=1.52,95%CI:1.09~2.11);接受结核病健康教育(OR=2.13,95%CI:1.97~2.27)。结论2020年我国≥60岁老年人对结核病防治核心信息总知晓率低于国家规划目标,应加大对女性、≥70岁、少数民族以及文化程度较低的老年人群结核病健康教育力度。

Objective To understand the awareness and influencing factors of core information on tuberculosis prevention and control in the elderly population in China.Methods The study included all participants aged≥60 from the"13th Five-Year"National Tuberculosis Control Plan end-term assessment in 2020,with 13706 valid questionnaires obtained.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the awareness rate of core information on tuberculosis prevention and control in the elderly.Results The total awareness rate of core information on tuberculosis prevention and control in the elderly aged≥60 was 78.4%,with the highest for"suspicious symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis"(85.4%)and the lowest for"whether pulmonary tuberculosis can be cured"(65.3%).The complete awareness rate of core information on tuberculosis prevention and control in the elderly was 41.3%,and the proportion of those who received tuberculosis health education is 67.6%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that factors associated with low awareness of core information included females(OR=0.93,95%CI:0.86-1.00),ages 70-(OR=0.91,95%CI:0.84-0.98)and≥80(OR=0.77,95%CI:0.68-0.87)and minority ethnicity(OR=0.85,95%CI:0.74-0.99).Factors associated with high awareness of core information included educational levels of junior high school(OR=1.46,95%CI:1.34-1.58),high school(OR=1.62,95%CI:1.45-1.81),junior college(OR=1.37,95%CI:1.11-1.68),and an undergraduate degree or higher(OR=1.52,95%CI:1.09-2.11),and receiving tuberculosis health education(OR=2.13,95%CI:1.97-2.27).Conclusions In 2020,the awareness rate of core information on tuberculosis prevention and control in Chinese older adults aged≥60 was lower than the national planning target.Therefore,there should be an increased focus on health education about tuberculosis for elderly females,those aged≥70,ethnic minorities,and those with lower education levels.