新出秦简“新地”与秦代“差序疆域”的建构

The“New Land”in the Qin Slips and Construction of Differential Sequence Territory in the Qin Dynasty

秦简所见“新地”的界定应改变过去以时间界定为主线的研究取向,立足秦统一战争的宏观视角,考察郡制推展、罚戍署地规定与“新地”划郡而治、“东故徼”分界下的故秦地与“新地”,结合空间关系进行重新界定。“新地”实际以郡为单位进行划定,在时间上,“新地”可能是秦王政十七年至十九年间开始设置;在空间上,秦统一前东部边境防线“东故徼”变成统一后故秦地与“新地”的分界线。由此“中县道”、故秦地之郡与“新地”构成秦统一后的“差序疆域”。

The“new land”in the Qin slips should be redefined,as past research has considered the term to be based on chronology,when it should rather be viewed based on the macro perspective of the Qin unification war,and an examination of the expansion of the county system,the positioning of armies and disciplinary actions in the“new land,”and the division of counties into“old eastern money land”and“new land”.This implies that the“new land”was actually defined in terms of counties and spatial relationships,rather than chronology.In chronological terms,the new counties established after the collapse of Han in the 17th year of the reign of Zheng,King of Qin and the establishment of Yingchuan County were defined as“new land”;in spatial terms,the“east gujiao”,the eastern border defence line of the former Qin Empire,became the boundary between the land that had already been controlled by the Qin dynasty and the“new land”after the unification.Therefore,“Zhongxian Dao”,consisting of the counties of the old Qin land and the“new land”,formed the differential sequence territory after the unification of Qin.