外科病人出院后的营养管理实践与思考

Practices and perspective on nutrition management in post-discharge patients after surgery

外科病人出院后营养状态进一步恶化十分常见,这将影响其生存率和生活质量。因此,重视外科病人出院后的营养管理,对存在营养风险或营养不良的病人给予合适的营养治疗并进行监测,防治营养治疗相关并发症。此外,随着多学科协作的不断加强,营养治疗联合体能锻炼和心理治疗的多模态营养治疗在外科病人中的应用效果越发凸显,加上远程医疗系统与可穿戴电子设备的应用增加了病人营养治疗的依从性,未来这种多模态、智能化的营养治疗将会进一步提升营养治疗效果,改善外科出院后病人的营养状态和预后。

It is very common that the nutritional status of surgical patients continues to deteriorate after discharge,which has a negative impact on their survival time and quality of life.It is important to perform nutrition management for surgical patients after discharge,and adequate nutritional therapy should be provided and monitored for patients with malnutrition or nutritional risk,and complications related to nutritional therapy should be prevented and treated.Furthermore,as multidisciplinary collaboration continues to strengthen,the application of multimodal nutritional therapy combining physical exercise and psychological treatment has shown increasingly prominent effects in surgical patients.Additionally,the use of remote medical systems and wearable electronic devices has increased patients' compliance with nutritional therapy.Future nutritional therapy will focus more on multimodal and intelligent approaches so as to improve the nutritional status and prognosis of surgical patients after discharge.