给予类双宾兼语句的句法语义研究

A Syntactic and Semantic Approach to the Giving Type Double-Object Pivotal Sentence

刘辉(2009)和田启林、单伟龙(2015)等将给予类双宾兼语句在同宾结构下分别分析为目的结构和连动结构。由于其研究未涉及非同宾结构,有失全面。基于此,本文在生成语法视角下重新审视该句式,发现其宾后续动结构不能进行焦点化、不能允准动结式等。本文提出该句式是动补结构,表达“主语致使间接宾语拥有直接宾语(处置权),以致于间接宾语可利用直接宾语做某事”之意;同时宾后续动结构充当直接宾语的功用角色。在句法上,宾后续动结构应统一分析为非限定性宾语控制小句TP;其空宾语应为真空语类TEC,而非空算子OP。

Liu Hui(2009),Tian Qilin&Shan Weilong(2015)counted the giving type double-object pivotal sentence as purpose clause and serial verb construction respectively,which fails to cover other relevant language data.This paper employs a generative approach to re-examine the sentence structure and discovers that its subsequent construction cannot co-occur with focalized constituents and resultatives.It concludes that double-object pivotal sentences should be analyzed as resultative construction conveying the meaning of"x causes y to have z,so that y can do sth.with z".Syntactically,the subsequent structure,functioning as a telic role of direct object,is a non-finite defective object control clause;its empty object should be true empty category instead of null operator.