基于信息间隙决策理论-分布鲁棒优化的含电-氢-热混合储能综合能源系统需求响应策略

Demand Response Strategy for Integrated Energy System With Electric-hydrogen-thermal Hybrid Energy Storage Based on Information Gap Decision Theory and Distributionally Robust Optimization

混合储能系统具有储能容量大、调节能力强等优点,有助于提高综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)的需求响应能力。首先,构建了一种电-氢-热混合储能系统(electric-hydrogen-thermal hybrid energy storage system,EHT-HESS),其中采用电解槽(electrolytic cell,EC)、蒸气重整反应(steam methane reforming,SMR)装置、储氢、热电联产氢燃料电池(hydrogen fuel cell,HFC)设备,实现电、气向氢能的转换,以及以氢能作为中间模态的“制氢-储氢-放氢/电/热”功能。其次,建立考虑EHT-HESS的IES需求响应策略优化模型,其中考虑IES响应电价和气价,同时根据富余风电量,进行购电、购气、用电、用热、用氢等策略决策的综合需求响应(integrated demand response,IDR)行为;并采用信息间隙决策理论(information gap decision theory,IGDT)计入概率分布未知的风电严重不确定性,采用基于综合范数的分布鲁棒优化(distributionally robust optimization,DRO)方法计入概率分布不完备的电价严重不确定性。最后,算例验证了模型和方法的合理性及有效性,并表明IES装设热电联产HFC构建EHT-HESS可实现氢能向电能与热能的转换,有助于增加风电消纳量,增加IDR决策的鲁棒性。

The hybrid energy storage system has the advantages of large storage capacity and strong regulation ability,which is helpful to improve the demand response ability of an integrated energy system(IES).First,an electric-hydrogen-thermal hybrid energy storage system(EHT-HESS)is constructed,in which an electrolytic cell(EC),a steam methane reforming(SMR)device,a hydrogen storage,and a combined heat and power hydrogen fuel cell(HFC)are employed to realize the conversion of electricity and natural gas to hydrogen,and the function of"hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen/electricity/heat release"with hydrogen as the intermediate modal.Second,an integrated demand response(IDR)strategy optimization model is presented for an IES with the EHT-HESS,which considers the IES’s IDR behavior in response to the electricity price,the gas price,and the surplus wind power.In addition,the information gap decision theory(IGDT)is adopted to tackle the severe uncertainty of the wind power with unknown probability distribution,and the distributionally robust optimization(DRO)method based on the comprehensive norm is adopted to deal with the severe uncertainty of electricity price with incomplete probability distribution.Finally,the reasonableness and effectiveness of the model and method are verified by numerical simulations.It is shown that the IES is able to realize the conversion of hydrogen energy to electricity and heat by installing combined heat and power HFC to build the EHT-HESS,which will increase wind power accommodation and enhance the robustness of IDR decision.