提高年循环效率的永磁同步发电机-齿轮传动系统机电协同设计

Electromechanical Cooperative Design of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-gear Transmission System for Improving Annual Cycle Efficiency

为实现永磁同步风力发电机组轻量化、高年循环效率的设计目标,提出了一种永磁同步发电机-齿轮传动系统机电协同参数优化设计方法。首先建立风轮计算模型,以风电场实测的年风速工况作为风力发电机组的运行工况。接着建立齿轮传动系统的损耗模型,并基于有限元建立永磁同步发电机饱和磁链模型、转矩模型和损耗模型。在此基础上,为最大限度地发挥各参数下发电机组的效率潜力,采用非线性效率最优电流分配策略对发电机的控制电流进行优化。最后在发电机电磁约束、齿轮几何和强度约束、连续传动约束条件下,以发电机和齿轮的参数作为优化变量,以永磁同步发电机-齿轮传动系统的总质量和年循环风速工况下的总损耗作为目标函数,利用NSGA-Ⅱ算法对目标函数进行优化。该过程优化中嵌套优化,整个过程通过脚本自动化运行,最大程度地降低了系统的损耗和质量,减少了时间成本。基于上述方法对8 MW永磁同步发电机-齿轮传动系统进行优化,优化后系统总质量降低了40.2%,系统年循环损耗减少了461 562.53 kW·h,表明该方法有效地降低了系统的质量且提高了年循环效率。

In order to achieve the design goals of lightweight and high annual cycle efficiency of permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine,an optimization design method of electromechanical cooperative parameters of permanent magnet synchronous generator-gear transmission system is proposed.Firstly,the calculation model of wind turbine is established and the annual wind speed measured by wind farm is taken as the operating condition of wind turbine.Then,the loss model of the gear transmission system is established,and the saturation flux model,torque model and loss model of the permanent magnet synchronous generator are established based on the finite element method.On this basis,in order to maximize the efficiency potential of wind turbine under each parameter,the nonlinear efficiency optimal current distribution strategy is used to optimize the control current of the generator.Finally,under the conditions of generator electromagnetic constraints,gear geometry and strength constraints,and continuous transmission constraints,the parameters of the generator and gear are taken as the optimization variables,and the total mass of the permanent magnet synchronous generator-gear transmission system and the total loss under the annual cycle wind speed condition are taken as the objective functions.NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm is used to optimize the objective function.The optimization process includes internal nested optimization,and the whole process is run automatically through the script,which minimizes the loss and weight of the system and reduces the time cost.Based on the above method,the 8 MW permanent magnet synchronous generator-gear transmission system is optimized.After optimization,the total mass of the system is reduced by 40.2%,and the annual cycle loss of the system is reduced by 461562.53 kW·h,indicating that the method effectively reduced the mass of the system and improved the annual cycle efficiency.