生活方式对心血管病高危人群血压控制的影响—基于5年面板数据

The Impact of Lifestyle on Blood Pressure Control among High-risk Groups for Cardiovascular Disease:Based on 5-Year Panel Data

目的评价心血管病高危对象血压控制效果,分析生活方式对血压控制的影响。方法对高危人群进行随访和干预,得到连续5年记录完整的高危对象1151人。采用Stata15.0软件,使用面板Logit模型分析生活方式对血压控制的影响。结果干预后高危人群血压控制率从2016的23.8%提高到2020年的38.7%,收缩压和舒张压均值明显下降(P<0.05)。干预后吸烟、饮酒、超重或肥胖等生活方式变化不明显,体育锻炼情况明显改善,“每天锻炼”比例从2016年的22.8%上升到2020年的50.6%。面板Logit模型显示,饮酒(OR=1.523,95%CI:1.159~2.003)、超重或肥胖(OR=2.208,95%CI:1.696~2.874)是血压未控制的危险因素,运动是血压未控制的保护因素,每天运动让血压未控制的危险减低41.9%。结论干预对心血管病高危对象血压控制取得较好效果,饮酒、超重或肥胖等不良生活方式是未来要加强干预的重点。

Objective To evaluate the effect of blood pressure control on subjects at high-risk of cardiovascular disease,and to analyze the impact of lifestyle on blood pressure control.Methods Follow-up and intervention were conducted on high-risk groups,and 1151 high-risk subjects with complete records for 5 consecutive years were obtained.Stata15.0 software and panel Logit model were used to analyze the impact of lifestyle on blood pressure control.Results After the intervention,the blood pressure control rate of high-risk groups increased from 23.8%in 2016 to 38.7%in 2020,and the mean systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly(P<0.01).After the intervention,there were no significant changes in lifestyle such as smoking,drinking,overweight or obesity,and physical exercise improved significantly.The proportion of"daily exercise"increased from 22.8%in 2016 to 50.6%in 2020.The Panel Logit model showed that alcohol consumption(OR=1.523,95%CI:1.159~2.003),being overweight or obese(OR=2.208,95%CI:1.696~2.874)are risk factors for uncontrolled blood pressure.Exercise is a protective factor for uncontrolled blood pressure,and daily exercise can reduce the risk of uncontrolled blood pressure by 41.9%.Conclusion The intervention has achieved good results in controlling blood pressure control in high-risk subjects with cardiovascular disease.Unhealthy lifestyles such as drinking,overweight or obesity are the focus of future intervention.