多分水口长距离输水工程停泵水锤防护措施

Water hammer protection measures for long-distance water transmissionprojects during pump stop with multiple water diversions outlets

为了能够有效避免多泵且多分水口输水系统在无防护抽水断电时可能出现较为严重的负水锤带来的危害,建立了全长106.46 km的大型供水工程的数学模型进行系统过渡过程计算,选择空气阀与两阶段液控蝶阀联合防护与单向塔防护2种方案消除其负水锤,在前者远不达理想防护效果后针对后者进行优化.结合工程实际在确定了单向塔的数量、位置以及塔高后,对不同位置单向塔的底面积进行多种方案的对比选取,最终选用塔1#的底面积为28.26 m^(2),塔2#的底面积为176.63 m^(2);为了防止单向塔漏空需要分水口以及供水终端调流阀配合关闭,在确保管道最大压力不超出其承压能力的前提下,创新性地对各分水口调流阀与供水终端调流阀的关闭时间规律进行了效果比较,使输水系统能够更加经济安全地稳定运行,为此类长距离多分水口多泵供水工程的水锤防护提供了优化方向.

In order to effectively avoid the potential harm caused by negative water hammer in unprotected pumping and power outage in multi-pump and multi-outlet water delivery systems,a mathematical model of a large water supply project with a total length of 106.46 km was established to calculate the transition process of the system.The joint protection scheme of air valve and two-stage liquid-controlled butterfly valve and the one-way tower protection scheme were studied respectively,and the latter was optimized after the former was far from the ideal protection effect.After determining the number,location,and height of unidirectional towers in combination with engineering practice,multiple schemes were compared and selected for the bottom area of unidirectional towers at different positions.Finally,the bottom area of Tower 1#was selected as 28.26 m^(2),and the bottom area of Tower 2#was selected as 176.63 m^(2),respectively.It is found that in order to prevent the one-way tower leakage,it is needs to be closed with the diversion port and water supply terminal regulating valve.On the premise of ensuring that the maximum pressure of the pipeline does not exceed its pressure-bearing capacity,an innovative diversion port regulating valve and the water supply terminal regulating valve closing time law for the effect of comparison is conducted,so that the water transmission system can be more economical and safe stable operation.An optimization direction for water hammer protection in such long-distance multi-outlet and multi-pump water supply projects is provided.