民国时期黄河上游地区水土保持建设成效与启示

Effectiveness and Enlightenment of Soil and Water Conservation ConstructionIn the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River During the Republic of China Period

民国时期,由于报刊的宣传普及、专家学者的讲演与培训、农业技术机构的设立和专门人才的培养,水土保持思想得到广泛传播,农业发展呈现新特征,林业建设和黄河治理得到了有力的推进。尽管受当时社会环境和科学技术水平的影响,黄河上游地区水土保持工作研究存在资金短缺、技术不成熟、设备落后、农民参与度不高等方面的局限性,但其在设立水土保持实验区和农业试验场、加大对水土保持的宣传普及、推进农林牧业协调发展、推进法治建设、实现乡村振兴和生态保护的协调发展等方面的做法仍然值得我们今天借鉴。

During the period of the Republic of China,due to the promotion and popularization of newspapers,lectures and training by experts and scholars,establishment of agricultural technology institutions,and cultivation of specialized talents,the idea of soil and water conservation was widely spread,and agricultural development presented new characteristics.Forestry construction and Yellow River governance were effectively promoted.Although the research on soil and water conservation in the upper reaches of the Yellow River was affected by the social environment and scientific and technological level at that time,there were limitations in terms of funding,technology,equipment,and insufficient participation of farmers.However,in establishing soil and water conservation experimental zones and agricultural experimental sites,increasing publicity and popularization of soil and water conservation,promoting coordinated development of agriculture,forestry,and animal husbandry,and promoting the construction of the rule of law,there are still many experiences and inspirations worth learning from today in achieving coordinated development of rural revitalization and ecological protection.