高空作业车车臂轻量化设计及参数优化

Lightweight design and parameter optimization of boom of aerial working platform

文中针对高空作业车因车臂截面设计不合理而导致整车质量过大,进而导致无法在城市中正常作业,对某款作业高度为23m的高空作业车车臂进行轻量化设计。分析了作业臂的强度条件和刚度条件,建立了车臂起升的有限元模型,并通过实车试验验证了有限元模型的可靠性。基于可靠的有限元模型,将四节车臂的截面高宽和厚度作为设计变量,以作业臂的重量和变形为目标,利用NSGA-Ⅱ遗传算法进行多目标优化。研究结果表明:作业臂角度为50°时为作业臂的最危险工况,危险点为基本臂与液压缸的铰点位置;优化后,该款高空作业车车臂的质量降低了105 kg,减重比例18.5%,研究结果为高空作业车车臂的轻量化提供了一种设计方法。

Considering that the unreasonable cross-section design of the boom of aerial working platform leads to the excessive weight of the whole vehicle,which leads to the failure of normal operation in the city,a lightweight design of the boom of an aerial working platform with an operating height of 23 m was carried out.The strength and stiffness conditions of the working boom were analyzed,and a finite element model of the lifting of the vehicle boom was established,and the reliability of the finite element model was verified by the real vehicle test.Based on this model,taking the cross-section height,width and thickness of the four-section boom as variables,and the weight and deformation of the working boom as the objective,the multi-objective optimization was carried out by NSGA-Ⅱgenetic algorithm.The results show that when the angle of the working boom reaches 50 degrees,the working boom is in the most dangerous working condition,and the dangerous point is the hinge position between the basic boom and the hydraulic cylinder.After optimization,the weight of the boom of this aerial working platform is reduced by 105 kg and 18.5%,which provides a design method for the lightweight of the boom of aerial working platform.