胶体金免疫层析试纸条在生物毒素检测领域的研究进展

Research Progress of Colloidal Gold Immunochromatographic Test Strips in The Field of Biotoxins Detection

胶体金免疫层析试纸条是一种常用的检测方法,广泛应用于疾病诊断、生物毒素检测等领域。该技术基于胶体金标记的特异性抗原(抗体)与待检样品中的目标分子相互作用,在试纸条上形成可见的测试线或信号变化。其流程包括样品预处理、标记抗体制备、试纸条组装步骤。胶体金免疫层析试纸条可以用于快速检测食品中的毒素残留、环境中的有害物质以及临床诊断中的相关指标。该技术具有无创、快速、灵敏和准确的特点,在临床应急检测和大规模筛查中能快速获得结果。文章总结了胶体金免疫层析试纸条技术及其在生物毒素检测中的研究进展,并分析了当前胶体金免疫层析试纸条技术的优缺点,展望了该技术在生物毒素检测领域的未来发展方向。

Colloidal gold immunochromatographic test strip is a common detection method,which is widely used in disease diagnosis,biological toxin detection and other fields.The technique is based on the inter⁃action of colloidal gold-labeled specific antigens(antibodies)with target molecules in the sample to be tested,forming visible test lines or signal changes on the test strip.The process includes sample pretreat⁃ment,labeling antibody preparation,and test strip assembly steps.Colloidal gold immunochromatographic test strip can be used for rapid detection of toxin residues in food,harmful substances in the environment and related indicators in clinical diagnosis.This technology has the characteristics of non-invasive,rapid,sensitive and accurate,so that it can quickly obtain results in clinical emergency detection and largescale screening.This paper summarizes the colloidal gold immunochromatographic test strip technology and its research progress in the detection of biological toxins,and analyzes the advantages and disadvan⁃tages of the current colloidal gold immunochromatographic test strip technology,and looks forward to the future development direction of the technology in the field of biological toxin detection.