改良单孔腹腔镜小儿鞘状突未闭手术

Modified Single-port Laparoscopic Surgery for Children’s Unclosed Processus Vaginalis

目的 探讨使用30°电切镜、针式钳和注水钩针的改良单孔腹腔镜小儿鞘状突未闭手术的应用价值。方法2021年8月~2022年12月,对36例鞘状突未闭患儿行改良单孔腹腔镜手术。30°电切镜替代腹腔镜由脐下缘置入腹腔,针式钳于脐和耻骨联合中点穿刺进入腹腔,注水钩针带2-0血管缝线经腹股沟内环体表点上方穿刺进入腹膜外间隙,在针式钳辅助下,边进针边注水,将精索血管、输精管以及周围腹壁与内环周围腹膜完全分离,带线钩针在不刺破腹膜的情况下将2-0血管缝线在水分离的间隙中环绕内环口,并引出体外完成结扎。结果 36例手术均顺利完成,无中转开放手术。手术时间:32例单侧5~16 min,平均9.2 min;4例双侧9~23 min,平均13.4 min。失访1例,余35例门诊随访1~6个月,电话随访12~28个月,中位数20个月,无阴囊血肿、睾丸萎缩、切口感染,无复发。结论 改良单孔腹腔镜小儿鞘状突未闭手术安全、可行。

Objective To investigate the application value of modified single-port laparoscopic surgery for children’s unclosed processus vaginalis by using 30°electroscope,needle forceps and water injection crochet.Methods From August 2021 to December 2022,36 children with unclosed processus vaginalis were treated by modified single-port laparoscopic surgery.Instead of laparoscopy,a 30°electroscope was inserted into the abdominal cavity by the lower umbilical margin,and needle forceps were inserted into the abdominal cavity at the midpoint of the umbilical cord and pubic union.Water injection crochet with 2-0 vascular suture was inserted into the extraperitoneal space through the surface point of the internal inguinal ring.With the assistance of needle forceps,water was injected simultaneously to completely separate the spermatic vessels,vas ductus and the surrounding abdominal wall from the peritoneum around the internal ring.Without puncturing the peritoneum,the 2-0 vascular suture was wrapped around the inner ring opening in the water separation gap and led outside the body to complete the ligation.Results All the 36 cases underwent modified single-port laparoscopic surgery successfully,without conversion to open surgery.The operation time was 5-16 min(mean,9.2 min)in 32 unilateral cases and 9-23 min(mean,13.4 min)in 4 bilateral cases.One case was lost of follow-up,and the remaining 35 cases were followed up in outpatient clinics for 1-6 months and by telephone for 12-28 months,with a median of 20 months.There were no postoperative scrotal hematoma,testicular atrophy,or incision infection.No recurrence was found.Conclusion Modified single-port laparoscopic surgery for children’s unclosed processus vaginalis is safe and feasible.