儒家传统“即身德育”思想及其教化路径

The Traditional Confucian Idea of“Moral Education of the Body”and Its Path of Indoctrination

异于西方绵延千年的身心二元论思想,中国儒家传统伦理思想坚持灵肉圆融,并由此演化生成了独具特色的“即身德育”范式。首先,即身德育不仅强调德育必须兼顾身心发展,而且将身体拓宽到与个体、时空、世界交汇的伦理情境;其次,随着“藏礼于器”将“礼”生活化,个体得以始终浸身于器物无言之教的陶冶中,从而在潜移默化间顺应了道德要求;最后,依托于实践和体悟将外在的伦理规范内化为即身的道德智慧后,个体便能在应然的道德律法中觅得道德选择的自由,从而在生活中实现德性生存。研究儒家传统即身德育思想及其教化路径,既可为当代德育提供镜鉴,亦可为建构中国自主德育知识体系探寻丰富的思想资源。

As embodiment has gradually become a prominent study in moral education research,the concept of embodied moral education in ancient Chinese ethics has received increasing attention from the domestic academic community.As a typical paradigm of the traditional Confucian philosophy of the self,the idea of“moral education of the body”transcends the dichotomous framework of the Western philosophy of consciousness and clarifies the body as an ethical field that intersects with the individual,space and time,and the world.This renders moral education practical,contextualized,and realistic by hiding rituals in objects to gradually influence the education of moral subjects.Through the practice and realization of rootedness,moral norms are reconstructed into practical wisdom,and the moral subject can“learn from below to reach for above”to realize a virtuous life.The study of the concept of“moral education of the body”not only demonstrates the maturity of physical moral education in ancient Chinese ethics,but also provides a path for the contemporary exploration of physical moral education.