汉代献赋纪事的书写模式与后世拟效

On the Writing Mode and Later Simulation of the Chronicle of Offering Fu in Han Dynasty

与受诏被动作赋不同,献赋是赋家主动向君主投献赋作。献赋纪事一般包含四个要素:赋家作赋、进呈赋作、帝王读赋、赋家为郎。其中赋家主动进献是核心,而帝王反馈则是此类纪事着重介绍的内容。汉代献赋故事广泛流布,引起历代文士、帝王仪式化的行为模拟以及史家模式化的历史表述。除复现献赋活动外,唐代诗人通过自比相如、扬雄献赋,为参加科举考试赋予自荐于天子的能动意味。而一旦科举失利,“献赋不售”又成为常见的诗歌表达。

Different from being ordered to write Fu,offering Fu is that Fu Jia offered their work to the monarch.The chronicle of offering Fu generally contains four elements:Fu Jia writing Fu,Fu Jia offering his work,emperor reading Fu,Fu Jia receiving official posts.Among them,Fu Jia offering his work is the core,and the emperor’s feedback is the important content of this kind of chronicle.The story of offering Fu in Han Dynasty was widely spread,which caused the ritualized behavior simulation of scribes and emperors in all dynasties,and the historical expression patterned by historians.In addition to the activities of re-offering Fu,the poets of Tang Dynasty,through comparing themselves with Sima Xiangru and Yang Xiong,endowed active meaning to participate in the imperial examination.Once their exam were failed,failure of offering Fu became a common expression in poetry.