女大学生依恋取向与情绪调节策略的关系:情绪调节目标的中介作用

Relationship between Attachment Orientation and Emotion Regulation Strategies of Female College Students:The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation Goals

情绪调节策略是成功调节情绪的核心,也是维持心理健康的关键。为探讨依恋、情绪调节目标及情绪调节策略之间的关系,采用亲密关系经历量表、情绪调节目标量表及情绪调节问卷对774名女大学生进行调查。结果表明:(1)依恋取向与情绪调节策略显著相关。依恋回避与认知重评策略显著负相关,与表达抑制和非适应性认知调节情绪策略显著正相关;依恋焦虑与表达抑制策略和非适应性认知情绪调节策略呈显著正相关,与适应性认知情绪调节策略存在微弱但显著的正相关。(2)依恋取向与情绪调节目标显著相关。依恋回避与反享乐目标显著正相关;依恋焦虑与反享乐目标、印象管理目标以及亲社会目标显著正相关。(3)依恋取向对情绪调节策略有显著影响,情绪调节目标在依恋取向与情绪调节策略之间起显著的中介作用。未来的实证研究可以采取纵向实验设计,结合多模态的实验方式,更细致地区分实验情境,从情境和个人特质交互的角度建立依恋和情绪调节之间的多因素模型。未来的干预研究也可针对不同依恋取向的个体,通过影响其情绪调节目标,从而引导其选择最合适或最有效的情绪调节策略,以达到最佳的情绪调节效果。

Emotional regulation strategies are the core of successfully regulating emotions and the key to maintaining mental health.To explore the relationship between attachment,the goals and strategies of emotional regulation,this study surveyed 774 female college students using the Intimate Relationship Experience Scale,Emotional Regulation Goals Scale,and Emotional Regulation Questionnaire.The results have the following indications.First,attachment orientation is significantly correlated with emotional regulation strategies.Attachment avoidance is significantly inversely correlated with cognitive reappraisal strategies,and significantly positively correlated with expression inhibition and non adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies;Attachment anxiety is significantly positively correlated with expression inhibition strategies and non adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies,while there is a weak but significant positive correlation with adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies.Second,attachment orientation is significantly correlated with emotional regulation goals.There is a notable positive correlation between attachment avoidance and anti hedonic goals;Attachment anxiety is significantly positively correlated with anti hedonic goals,impression management goals,and pro-social goals.Third,attachment orientation has a remarkable impact on emotional regulation strategies.Emotional regulation goals play a significant mediating role between attachment orientation and emotional regulation strategies.Future research may use longitudinal experimental designs and integrate multimodal experimental methods to more precisely distinguish experimental contexts.From the perspective of the interaction between context and individual traits,a multi-factor model can be established to examine the relationship between attachment and emotion regulation.Future intervention studies can also focus on individuals with different attachment orientations and influence their emotion regulation goals to guide them in selecting the most suitable or effective emotion regulation strategies,in order to achieve optimal emotion regulation outcomes.