激光熔覆残余应力数值模拟研究现状

Researchprogress of numerical simulation of residual stress in laser cladding

激光熔覆技术作为一种先进的表面改性技术,具有涂层稀释率小、熔覆层与基体结合良好、冷却速度快等优点。而其快热快冷过程的同时,涂层及基体常会产生较高的残余应力,从而产生变形、涂层脱落以及裂纹等不良影响。本文首先分析了激光熔覆残余应力产生机理,其次对激光熔覆残余应力数值仿真研究进行了综述,包括模型建立、单道与多道熔覆残余应力的分布规律、工艺参数对残余应力的影响以及结果验证,并介绍了残余应力调控方法,最后总结了激光熔覆残余应力数值仿真研究中的不足以及发展方向。

As an advanced surface modification technology,laser cladding technology has the advantages of small coating dilution rate,good combination of cladding layer and substrate,and fast cooling speed.At the same time of the rapid heating and rapid cooling process,the coating and the substrate often produce high residual stress,resulting in adverse effects such as deformation,coating peeling and cracks.This paper first analyzes the generation mechanism of laser cladding residual stress,and then summarizes the numerical simulation research of laser cladding residual stress,including model establishment,distribution of single-pass and multi-pass cladding residual stress,and the influence of process parameters on residual stress,and the result verification,and introduced the residual stress control method,finally summarized the deficiencies and development directions in the numerical simulation research of laser cladding residual stress.