城市轨道交通应急演练体系发展现状与对策

Development Status and Countermeasures of Emergency Drill System for Urban Rail Transit

应急演练是城市轨道交通应急管理的重要组成部分,其不仅可以提升城市轨道交通行业人员应急处置能力,也是评估检验城市轨道交通应急预案的重要手段。阐述城市轨道交通应急演练需求分析,在对我国城市轨道交通应急演练体系发展现状进行分析的基础上,针对城市轨道交通应急演练体系中存在的演练标准规范体系有待完善、应急演练联动程度较低、应急演练基地布局不合理等问题,提出城市轨道交通应急演练体系发展的对策建议,即构建具有应急演练过程支撑、应急演练评估培训及社会安全教育等功能的城市轨道交通应急演练综合中心,建立多专业联动和城市轨道交通与多部门协同的应急演练体系,构建城市轨道交通应急演练指南和评估指标体系,为我国城市轨道交通应急演练体系发展提供借鉴。

Emergency drill is an important part of urban rail transit emergency management,which can not only improve the emergency handling ability of urban rail transit industry personnel but also serve as an important means to evaluate and test emergency urban rail transit emergency plans.By elaborating on the current development of the urban rail emergency drill system,this paper analyzed the current situation of the development of the urban rail transit emergency drill system.It identified the problems of the urban rail transit emergency drill system in China,including the imperfect drill standardization system,the low degree of emergency drill linkage,and the unreasonable layout of emergency drill bases.Finally,it proposed countermeasures for the development of an urban rail transit emergency drill system,namely,building an urban rail transit emergency drill comprehensive center with the functions of emergency drill process support,emergency drill evaluation and training, and social security education, establishing an emergency drill system with multi-discipline interaction and urban rail transit and multi-department coordination, and constructing evaluation index collection and guide of urban rail transit emergency drill. This study can provide a reference for the development of an emergency drill system for urban rail transit.