我国自贸区政策对港口竞争力影响研究

The Study on the Impact of China's Free Trade Zone Policies on Port Competitiveness

自贸区政策对包括港口海运在内的各领域将产生影响。文章基于2009—2020年20个港口的面板数据,采用主成分分析法以降维的思想确定港口竞争力,并使用多期双重差分法研究我国自贸区对港口竞争力的政策影响效果,同时检验政策效应的城市规模异质性。研究发现,港口基础设施、腹地城市经济贸易、发展潜力可以解释并代表港口竞争力;自贸区对腹地城市经济贸易产生显著促进作用,对港口基础设施数量有明显抑制作用,有利于激发发展潜力;自贸区政策效应存在城市规模异质性,非一线及新一线城市自贸区对腹地城市经济推动作用则更显著。研究结论对于探索我国自贸区政策的效果、加强自贸区各港口的竞争力具有重要意义。

China's Free Trade Zone(FTZ)policy will have an impact on various sectors,including ports.This paper employs principal component analysis to determine the port competitiveness based on the panel data of twenty ports from 2009 to 2020.The multi-period difference-in-difference method is then applied to get the effect of FTZ on port competitiveness,and the paper tests heterogeneity of the policy effect concerning the urban-scale.The results show that the port infrastructures,economy of port cities,and potential development can explain and represent port competitiveness;FTZ policy has a significant positive effect on the economy of port cities while it shows a significant inhibition on the number of port infrastructures,and it exhibits the promotional effect on the potential development;FTZ policy's effect displays differences under different urban scales.Specifically,non-first-tier and non-new first-tier port cities receive more significant economic advantages with the policy implementing.This paper is of great significance to explore the effects of China's FTZ policies and to strengthen the port competitiveness in the FTZ areas.