抽水蓄能机组空载工况动态矩阵PID串级控制

Dynamic matrix PID cascade control for pumped storage units under no-load condition

针对传统PID控制对含机械时滞抽水蓄能机组调节系统控制效果不理想的问题,提出了一种抽水蓄能机组的动态矩阵PID串级控制策略。考虑液压执行机构的机械时滞和主接力器的限幅与限速,建立了小波动情况下抽水蓄能机组调节系统的数学模型。在调节系统原PID控制作为内环控制的基础上,引入动态矩阵控制作为外环控制,通过天牛须搜索算法来整定优化PID参数,提出了一种新型抽水蓄能机组动态矩阵PID串级控制方法,并应用PID等6种控制策略对调节系统进行控制仿真。结果表明:所提出的控制方法可以在不同机械时滞作用下有效改善抽水蓄能机组调节系统在空载频率扰动时的控制性能。研究成果可为抽水蓄能机组的调节系统控制提供借鉴。

Aiming at the deficiency of traditional PID control for the pumped storage units with mechanical delay,a dynamic matrix PID cascade control for pumped storage units is proposed.First,considering the mechanical delay of the hydraulic actuator and output limiting as well as speed limiting of the main servomotor,a mathematical model of the regulation system of the pumped storage unit under small fluctuation is established.Second,based on taking the original PID control of the regulating system as the inner loop control,a dynamic matrix control is introduced as the outer loop control.Then,the PID parameters are optimized by the Beetle Antennae Search Algorithm,and a new dynamic matrix PID cascade control method of pumped storage unit is proposed.Finally,six control strategies such as PID are used to simulate the control system.The results show that the proposed control method can effectively improve the control performance of the pumped storage unit regulation system under no-load frequency disturbance with different mechanical time delays.This study provides a reference for the control of the regulation system of pumped storage units.