上海地区生牛乳营养品质评价关键影响因子

Key Factors for Nutritional Quality Evaluation of Raw Milk in Shanghai

为了探究上海地区生牛乳营养品质评价的关键影响因子,本研究以上海市11家规模化牧场为对象,在2022年7月—2023年3月期间共采集167批次生牛乳样品,分别对其氨基酸组成、脂肪酸组成、维生素、乳铁蛋白、微量元素5项指标进行检测,重点进行氨基酸主成分分析,并比较脂肪酸组成占比。结果表明,生牛乳中共检出16种氨基酸和26种脂肪酸;含有乳铁蛋白、α-乳白蛋白、β-乳球蛋白等活性因子;包含9种人体必需微量元素。在此基础上选择13个有关生牛乳营养品质评价的关键影响因子,进一步筛上海地区生牛乳乳源。

In order to explore the key factors for the nutritional quality evaluation of raw milk in Shanghai,a total of 167 batches of raw milk were collected from 11 large-scale dairy farms in Shanghai from July 2022 to March 2023,and their amino acid composition,fatty acid composition,vitamins,lactoferrin and trace elements were detected.The amino acid composition data were analyzed by means of principal component analysis(PCA)and the proportions of various fatty acids were compared.The results showed that 16 amino acids,26 fatty acids,active factors including lactoferrin,α-lactalbumin andβ-lactoglobulin,and 9 essential trace elements were detected in raw milk.On this basis,we selected 13 key factors for the nutritional quality evaluation of raw milk,which could provide an important reference for the further screening and utilization of raw milk sources in Shanghai.