“跨界搭桥”:基于学术组织协同运作的跨学科博士生培养模式研究

"Crossing Borders and Building Bridges":Research on the Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training Mode Based on the Synergistic Operation of Academic Organizations

跨学科博士生培养已成为高校博士生教育改革的重要趋势,而高校人才培养长期被固定在封闭孤立的学科组织内部,缺乏跨学科培养的组织制度基础,“跨界搭桥”构建学术组织间协同培养模式成为高校落实跨学科教育的必由之路。对国内外顶尖研究型大学开展案例研究发现,存在“跨学院联合式”“学院主导-跨学科组织连接式”“跨学科组织主导-学院参与式”三种协同模式,不同模式下师资安排、课程科研设置、考核评价、学科文化等关键培养要素的协同运作呈现差异,在跨学科整合性上存在区别。高校可采取搭建学术组织间协同育人关系,赋予跨学科组织人才培养自主权;设置联合导师组制、重构跨学科课程科研与考核评价体系、营造跨学科学术文化等策略,以组织制度变革推进跨学科博士生培养真正落地。

Interdisciplinary doctoral training has become an important trend in the reform of doctoral education in universities.However,talent training in universities has long been fixed within closed and isolated disciplinary organizations,lacking an organizational institutional basis for interdisciplinary training."Crossing borders and building bridges"has become a necessary path for the implementation of interdisciplinary education.A case study of top research universities at home and abroad found that there are three main collaborative models:"intercollegiate joint type","college led-interdisciplinary organization connection type",and"interdisciplinary organization led-college participation type".Under different modes,faculty arrangements,curriculum and research settings,assessment and evaluation,and disciplinary culture show different characteristics,and there are also differences in interdisciplinary integration.Universities can adopt strategies such as building collaborative relationships between academic organizations and granting autonomy to interdisciplinary organizations,setting up a joint supervisory group system,reconstructing the interdisciplinary curriculum research and evaluation system,and creating an interdisciplinary academic culture,etc.,so as to promote the interdisciplinary doctoral training in universities.