摘要
目的了解武汉市妇女孕期豆科植物摄入的现况,探讨豆科植物摄入与妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)发生风险的关联。方法研究对象均来自同济母婴健康队列(Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort,TMCHC),孕早期通过问卷调查收集孕妇基本情况,孕中期采用食物频率调查问卷(food frequency questionnaires,FFQ)评价孕妇膳食摄入情况,孕24~28 w用75g口服糖耐量试验(oral glucose tolerance test,OGTT)进行GDM筛查。采用多元Logistic回归模型分析豆科植物摄入与GDM的关联,计算比值比(odds ratios,ORs)及95%置信区间(confidence intervals,CIs),用限制性立方样条模拟其剂量-反应关系。结果2423名孕妇中,251(10.36%)名诊断为GDM。总豆科植物摄入量中位数(三分位间距)为:30.1(21.3,42.6)g,其中干豆类10.4(6.7,15.0)g、鲜豆类19.4(9.7,28.6)g。和摄入量最低三分位组相比,豆科植物总量、干豆类、鲜豆类摄入最高组OR(95%CI)依次是0.49(0.33,0.73)、0.57(0.33,1.00)、0.66(0.40,1.10)。每周用两份等能量干豆类替代其他食物(包括米面制品、全谷物、肉类、鱼类、蛋类、蔬菜、水果、坚果、乳制品),可使GDM风险降低9%~22%。结论摄入干豆类较多,与GDM患病风险降低相关。用干豆类替代其他食物,可显著降低GDM患病风险。
Objective To assess legume intake during pregnancy and its association with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) risk.Methods All the participants in the study came from the Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort(TMCHC).The baseline information was obtained in the first trimester.The consumption of legumes,including dried beans and fresh beans,was obtained by a valid semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire(FFQ) during the second trimester.GDM was diagnosed by oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) at 24-28 gestational weeks.Odds ratios(ORs) and 95% confidence intervals(CIs) for GDM across the tertiles of legume intake were estimated using multivariable Logistic regression.Restricted cubic splines were used to model the dose-response association.Results Among 2423 pregnant women included in final analyses,251(10.36%) were diagnosed as GDM.The median of total legumes intake was 30.1(21.3,42.6)g,including 10.4(6.7,15.0)g dried beans and 19.4(9.7,28.6)g fresh beans.Compared to the lowest tertile,the OR(95% CI) of GDM for the highest tertile was 0.49(0.33,0.73) for total legumes,0.57(0.33,1.00) for dried beans,and 0.66(0.40,1.10) for fresh beans,respectively.Substitutions of two servings per week of other foods(including rice and wheat products,whole grains,meat,fish,eggs,vegetables,fruits,nuts and dairy products) with dried beans were significantly associated with a 9%-22% lower risk of GDM.Conclusion It is suggested that a higher intake of dietary legumes,especially dried beans was associated with a lower risk of GDM.Substitution of alternative foods with dried beans,was associated with a reduced risk of GDM.
作者
杨森
陈曦
林利霞
曹惜语
谭天棋
龙庆红
杨年红
YANG Sen;CHEN Xi;LIN Li-xia;CAO Xi-yu;TAN Tian-qi;LONG Qing-hong;YANG Nian-hong(Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety,MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health,School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,China;Department of Internal Medicine,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430060,China)
出处
《营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期547-552,558,共7页
Acta Nutrimenta Sinica
基金
科技基础资源调查专项(No.2019FY101003)。
关键词
豆科植物
干豆
妊娠期糖尿病
2型糖尿病
legumes
dried beans
gestational diabetes mellitus
type 2 diabetes