“川西”斑茅草粉在仔兔日粮中适宜添加量研究

Study on the Suitable Addition Amount of"Chuanxi"Spotted Grass Powder in the Diet of Young Rabbits

为了确定斑茅草粉能否在兔饲料中添加及适宜的添加量,以促进非常规饲料资源开发,实现饲料资源本地化,进而降低家兔养殖饲料成本。研究选择新西兰白兔,采用单因子随机设计,(40±3)日龄的断奶兔180只随机分配到6个组,分别为“川西”斑茅草粉添加量:0%、6%、12%、18%、24%和30%,各日粮主要营养指标保持基本一致,预饲期7 d,正饲期28 d,试验期间测定生产性能、发病率,试验结束屠宰取样,并测定肠道形态、养分消化、免疫及菌群相关指标。结果表明,斑茅草粉添加并没有引起生产性能的显著降低(P>0.05),而12%添加量可以显著提高家兔的日增重(P<0.05),增加小肠绒毛高度(P<0.05),增加了养分吸收面积,但并没有改善养分消化效率,回肠末端蛋白和淀粉的消化率各组差异不显著(P>0.05);12%斑茅草粉添加量具有最低的健康风险,腹泻发生率仅3.3%,随着添加量增加健康风险增加,但各组间差异不显著(P>0.05),30%添加量会导致蚓突指数显著降低(P<0.05),肠道炎性因子IL-1β和TNF-α的表达水平显著增加(P<0.05),肠道表现低度炎症,24%以上添加量会导致盲肠菌群活性增加。综上,斑茅草粉在日粮中添加量对生产性能及健康指标没有显著影响,但过多添加会导致健康风险及饲料配方成本增加,因此,斑茅草粉在家兔日粮中添加不宜超过12%。

In order to determine whether spotted grass powder can be added to rabbit feed and the appropriate amount,in order to promote the development of unconventional feed resources,achieve localization of feed resources,and thereby reduce the cost of rabbit breeding feed.In this study,New Zealand white rabbits were selected,and a single factor randomized design was adopted.180 weaned rabbits aged 40±3 days were randomly assigned to 6 groups,respectively,the amount of"West Sichuan"spot grass powder added:0%,6%,12%,18%,24%and 30%.The main nutritional indicators of each diet were basically the same.The pre feeding period was 7days,and the feeding period was 28 days.During the test,the production performance and incidence rate were measured.After the test,slaughtering samples were taken,and the intestinal morphology,nutrient digestion Immune and microbiota related indicators.As a result,the addition of spotted grass powder did not cause a significant decrease in production performance(P>0.05),while the 12%addition significantly increased the daily weight gain of rabbits(P<0.05),increased the height of small intestinal villi(P<0.05),and increased nutrient absorption area.However,it did not improve nutrient digestion efficiency,and there was no significant difference in the digestibility of protein and starch at the end of the ileum among the groups(P>0.05);The addition of 12%spotted grass powder has the lowest health risk,and the incidence of diarrhea is only 3.3%.As the addition increases,the health risk increases,but there is no significant difference between the groups(P>0.05).The addition of 30%can significantly reduce the vermiform index(P<0.05),and the intestinal inflammatory factor IL-1βAnd TNF-αThe expression level ofβ-lactamase significantly increased(P<0.05),and the intestine showed low degree of inflammation.Adding more than 24%ofβ-lactamase resulted in an increase in the activity of the cecal microbiota.In summary,the addition of spotted grass powder in the diet has no significant impact on production performance and health indicators.However,excessive addition can lead to increased health risks and feed formula costs.Therefore,the addition of spotted grass powder in the rabbit diet should not exceed 12%.