基于三阶段BAM模型的区域冷链物流效率评估

Evaluation of Regional Cold Chain Logistics Efficiency Based on Three-stage BAM Model

随着人民消费水平提高,冷链物流进入了发展快车道。但现有学术界对冷链物流效率的研究还很少,且未充分考虑冷链物流的特点和外部环境变量的影响。文章充分基于冷链物流的特点,科学选取投入变量、产出变量以及外部环境变量,构建三阶段BAM(有界调整测度)模型评估冷链物流。第一阶段运用BAM模型进行冷链物流初始效率评价;第二阶段运用似SFA(随机前沿)回归模型调整投入变量;第三阶段将调整后的投入变量再次代入BAM模型,测算冷链物流的真实效率,并与第一阶段得到的效率值进行对比分析。研究表明:运用三阶段BAM模型对冷链物流效率进行评价时,因为考虑了环境因素的影响,所以测算得到的效率更接近实际情况。研究结果不仅为冷链物流企业效率改进提供指导,而且对促进我国冷链物流高质量发展具有参考价值。

With the improvement of people's living standards and consumption levels,cold chain logistics has entered a fast development lane.However,there are still few studies on the efficiency evaluation of cold chain logistics,which have not fully considered characteristics of cold chain logistics and the impact of external environmental variables.To address this situation,this article fully leveraged the characteristics of cold chain logistics and scientifically selected input variables,output variables,and external environmental variables to construct a three-stage BAM(Bounded Adjusted Measure)model for evaluating cold chain logistics.In the first stage,the BAM model was used to evaluate the initial efficiency of cold chain logistics.In the second stage,the SFA(Stochastic Frontier Analysis)model was used to adjust the input variables.In the third stage,the adjusted input variables were input into the BAM model again to calculate the true efficiency of cold chain logistics and compare it with the efficiency value obtained in the first stage.The research findings indicate that when evaluating the efficiency of cold chain logistics using the three-stage BAM model,the efficiency calculated is closer to the actual situation due to the consideration of environmental factors.The research results can provide guidance for cold chain logistics enterprises to improve efficiency and have reference value in promoting the high-quality development of cold chain logistics in China.