中国盲人足球运动员损伤风险评估与预防策略研究--基于FMS筛查结果与分析

Research on injury risk assessment and prevention strategy of Chinese blind football players--Based on the result and analysis of FMS

盲人足球运动对抗多,损伤频发,加之运动员受视觉功能屏蔽影响,导致损伤加剧,因此尽早确立运动员损伤预防策略,便成为保护运动员健康及保障我国盲人足球运动可持续发展亟需解决的问题。研究中采用测试法、问卷调查法收集了53名运动员功能性动作筛查信息与损伤信息,并运用逻辑分析法对其进行推理、分析。结果显示:1)受试者功能性动作筛查得分平均12.38分;2)不同等级水平的运动员评分方差分析无显著性差异,但运动员存在明显缺陷动作的概率最高,其次是左、右不对称动作,再次是疼痛动作;3)国家级运动员出现左、右不对称与明显缺陷动作的概率均低于其他运动员,但出现疼痛动作的概率最高(25%);4)全部运动员在髋、膝、踝关节均有不同部位和程度的损伤史,与筛查结果表现一致。结论:中国盲人足球运动员整体损伤风险较高,应定期实施功能性动作筛查;扩大筛查总量,探索盲人足球运动员群体的损伤预测阈值;在日常训练中融入纠正性训练与功能性训练;提高运动员上肢力量训练、本体感觉训练以及髋、膝、踝关节的灵活性和稳定性训练比例。

There are many confrontations and frequent injuries in the blind football games.In addition,the shielding of visual functionoften worsens the injuries.Therefore,it becomes increasingly urgent to implement prevention strategies as early as possible to protect players and ensure the sustainable development of blind football in China.By using testing and questionnaire investigation,this study collects the functional movement screening information and injury information of 53 players and carries out logical reasoning and analysis on the information.The results showed that:1)The average score of functional movement screening is 12.38;2)There is no significant difference in the variance analysis of players’scores at different levels,but players with obvious defective actionshave the highest probability,which is followed by left and right asymmetric actions,and then painful actions;3)national level playershave lower probability of left and right asymmetry and obvious defects than that of other players,but they have the highest probability(25%)of painful actions;4)All players have different injury history in hip,knee and ankle joints,which is consistent with the screening results.Therefore,it can be concluded that:The injury risk of Chinese blind football players is high,and it should carry out regular functional movement screening;it should expand the total screening amount and explore the threshold of injury prediction for blind football players;it is necessary to integrate corrective training and functional training into daily training;it should improve the proportion of upper limb strength training,proprioception training,flexibility and stability training of hip,knee and ankle joints.