畜禽场湿式空气洗涤法臭气处理技术研究进展

Advances in Wet Air Scrubbing Technology for Odor Treatment in Livestock and Poultry Farm

湿式空气洗涤法通过向洗涤水中添加酸或微生物营养液,使空气污染物由气相转移到液相,从而达到空气污染物去除的目的。湿式空气洗涤法是处理畜禽场中畜禽舍、堆肥车间等处排出的氨气(NH3)、臭气、颗粒物等空气污染物的技术之一。近年来我国部分规模猪场采用湿式空气洗涤法处理养殖废气,但处理效果有限,且系统建设和运维成本高,是制约该技术在畜禽场应用的主要因素。本文主要介绍了湿式洗涤法的工作原理、分类及相关参数,分析了湿式空气洗涤法对空气污染物的去除效率、洗涤水的应用以及湿式空气洗涤法的运维成本,以期为湿式空气洗涤法在我国畜禽场臭气处理中的应用提供参考。

Wet air scrubbing method is used to achieve the purpose of air pollutants removal by adding acid or microbial nutrient solution into washing water to transfer air pollutants from gas phase to liquid phase.It is one of the technologies to treat air pollutants such as ammonia,odor and particulate matter emitted from animal buildings and composting facilities in livestock and poultry farms.In recent years,a few swine farms have applied the wet air scrubbing technology to treat waste gas from animal production,however,the treatment performance is limited with high construction,operation and maintenance cost,which are the main challenges of wet air scrubbing application in the livestock and poultry farms.This paper introduces the working principle,classification and the related parameters of the wet air scrubbing technology,analyzed its removal efficiency of air pollutants and the application of scrubbing water,and elucidated the operation and maintenance cost of wet air scrubbing,in order to provide references for the application of wet air scrubber in livestock and poultry farms in China.