基因修饰技术在猪抗病育种中的应用研究进展

Research Progress on Gene Modification Technology in Pig Anti-viral Breeding

以转基因和基因编辑为代表的动物基因修饰技术可以便捷、快速地对动物进行特定的基因改造,使动物获得可遗传的改良性状。基因修饰技术已成功应用于提升农业动物的产肉量、改良肉质、减轻环境污染、增强抗病性和抗逆性等方面。作为传统选择性育种的难点——抗病育种,基因修饰技术的应用具有较大的优势和应用前景。采用基因修饰策略表达病毒抗性基因或敲除病毒感染宿主的关键蛋白基因,都可以便捷地赋予动物对特定病毒的抗性,为抗病品种的培育提供有价值的育种新材料。本文综述了目前转基因技术及基因编辑技术在猪抗病育种中的研究进展,讨论了转基因和基因编辑技术在转化应用中可能存在的问题及解决方案,为我国生猪抗病育种研究提供一定参考。

Gene modification technology,represented by transgenesis and gene editing,can easily and rapidly modify the specific genes of animals to obtain heritable and improved traits.Genetic modification technology has been successfully applied to enhance meat production,improve meat quality,mitigate environmental pollution,and enhance disease resistance and stress tolerance in agricultural animals.As a difficult point of traditional selective breeding-disease resistance,the application of gene modification technology has greater advantages and application prospects.The use of gene modification strategies to express virus resistance genes or to knock out key genes controlling virus infection in hosts can confer animals with enhanced resistance to specific viruses,providing valuable new breeding materials to cultivate disease-resistant varieties.This paper reviews the current research progress on transgenic and gene editing technology in pig disease resistance breeding,and discusses the possible problems and solutions of transgenic and gene editing technology in translational applications,providing certain reference for research on pig disease resistance breeding in my country.