摘要
英国是世界上首个在理论和实践上确立起明晰土地产权的国家。18世纪的议会圈地运动是确立土地财产权的主要途径。产权人获得权利补偿的依据既不是持有地面积,也不是共用权利的数量,而是土地和共用权利的市场价值。土地权利的补偿通过一系列具体程序得以完成,体现出公开性与法制性的特点。土地权利补偿的结果表明,议会圈地不是对农民土地的暴力掠夺,其目的是对各类产权人的土地权利进行确认与补偿,且兼顾到了社会各阶层的利益和需求,体现出公平性、公开性以及公正性原则。
Britain was the first country to establish clear land property rights in theory and practice,and parliamentary enclosure in the 18th century was the main way to establish land property rights.The basis for land proprietors to obtain compensation was not the area of land they hold,nor the quantity of common rights,but the market value of land and common rights.The compensation of land rights could be completed through a series of specific procedures,reflecting the characteristics of openness and legalization.The results of land rights compensation indicated that parliamentary enclosure was not a violent deprivation of peasants’land;its purpose was to confirm and compensate for the land rights of various proprietors,taking into account the interests and needs of various social classes,and reflecting the principles of fairness,openness and impartiality.
出处
《经济社会史评论》
2024年第1期35-50,126,共17页
Economic and Social History Review
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“英国议会圈地档案资料的整理、翻译与研究”(21BSS025)的阶段性成果。
