语言治理与中国乡村现代化:历史、当下与未来

Language Governance and China’s Rural Modernization: History, Present andFuture

近代以来尤其是新中国成立以来,中国的现代化使得中国的乡村正在经历千年未有之大变局。在这个过程中,乡村和城市的语言地图、语言生活和语言治理都发生了深刻变革。以点带面地来看,新中国成立前的乡村建设运动和解放区实践中的语言治理,新中国成立后的扫除文盲、双语双言社会的建构、农民工的语言、留守儿童的语言、进城老年人的语言,当下正在进行的语言扶贫、语言助力乡村振兴、语言与共同富裕,以及未来乡村语言治理体系和治理能力的提升、语言文化多样性的维护、乡村语言文明的传承创新,这些时间与空间交织的画面,勾勒出了中国语言治理与中国乡村现代化的互动、共变与发展。

Since modern times, especially since the founding of the People’s Republic ofChina (PRC), modernization has caused China’s rural areas to undergo major changesunseen in thousands of years. In this process, profound changes have taken place inthe language maps, language life and language governance in rural and urban areas.Taking a point-by-point approach, we can see the language governance in the ruralconstruction movement and the practice of the liberated areas before the founding ofPRC, the eradication of illiteracy, the construction of a bilingual society, the language ofmigrant workers, the language of left-behind children, the language of the elderly whohave moved to the cities after the founding of PRC, and the language poverty alleviation,the language assistance for the revitalization of rural areas, and the language and thecommon wealth that are underway now, as well as the future improvement of the rurallanguage governance system and governance capabilities, the maintenance of languageand cultural diversity, and the inheritance and innovation of rural language civilization,these interwoven images of time and space outline the interaction, co-changes anddevelopment of Chinese language governance and Chinese rural modernization.