从“药类法象”角度解读气机的升降浮沉

Interpretation of the rise and fall of the qi movement from the perspective of“analogizing Chinese medicines with natural phenomenon”

“药类法象”之理由张元素首次提出,是根据每种药物气味各异而升降、功用不同,法象于自然,将药物分为五大类,即风升生、热浮长、湿化成、燥降收、寒沉藏。而人与天地相参,人药相关,人体及药物皆依赖于自然界而存在,是以人体脏腑气机升降及药性升降应遵循自然规律,即顺应“神机气立”而得以正常运行。因此“药类法象”是药性升降浮沉的理论基础,可应人体脏腑气机升降,促进对脏腑生理病理的认识,引出对临证用药的启发,为理解气机升降理论提供思路。

The reason for the“analogizing Chinese medicines with natural phenomenon”was first proposed by ZHANG Yuansu.According to the different odors of each drug,the function is different,and the method is natural.The drugs are divided into five categories,namely,wind rising,heat floating,humidifying,dry falling,and cold sinking.Human beings are related to heaven and earth,and human medicine is related to human beings.Human beings and drugs all depend on nature and exist.It is based on the natural law that the ascending and descending of qi movement in human organs and the ascending and descending of medicinal properties should follow the natural law,that is,the normal operation of“shenji-qili”.Therefore,“analogizing Chinese medicines with natural phenomenon”is the theoretical basis for the rise and fall of medicinal properties,which can be applied to the rise and fall of qi movement in human organs,and then arouse the inspiration of clinical medication,so as to provide ideas for understanding the theory of qi movement.