夜蛾黑卵蜂对草地贪夜蛾的控害潜能研究

Evaluation of potential control ability of Telenomus remus Nixon against Spodoptera frugiperda(Smith)

【目的】评价广西南宁市本地夜蛾黑卵蜂(Telenomus remus Nixon)对入侵生物草地贪夜蛾[Spodoptera fru‐giperda(Simth)]的控害潜能,为更好地进行夜蛾黑卵蜂大量人工繁殖及应用于田间生物防治提供理论依据。【方法】在(28±1)℃,相对湿度(75±7)%,光周期L∶D=14 h∶10 h条件下,编制草地贪夜蛾和夜蛾黑卵蜂的实验种群生命表,并测定夜蛾黑卵蜂对草地贪夜蛾卵的寄生功能反应;以蜂卵比约1∶10的比例,每间隔7 d在田间连续3次释放夜蛾黑卵蜂,调查统计放蜂后草地贪夜蛾卵的寄生率。【结果】草地贪夜蛾年龄特征生命表参数:净生殖力(R0)=137.32,内禀增长率(r_(m))=0.1356,周限增长率(λ)=1.1452,平均世代历期(T)=36.31 d;夜蛾黑卵蜂寄生草地贪夜蛾卵的年龄特征生命表参数:R0=97.11,r_(m)=0.4464,λ=1.5627,T=10.25 d。对草地贪夜蛾与夜蛾黑卵蜂生命表参数进行对比,结果显示,草地贪夜蛾的平均世代历期约为夜蛾黑卵蜂的3倍,在时间上夜蛾黑卵蜂对草地贪夜蛾的控制具有较强的繁殖优势。夜蛾黑卵蜂对草地贪夜蛾卵的寄生功能反应符合HollingⅡ模型,瞬间攻击率(a′)=0.9979,处理时间(Th)=0.0057,最大寄生量(Na_(max))=174.1粒/d。田间放蜂试验结果显示,放蜂区的草地贪夜蛾卵块寄生率为100.00%,卵粒寄生率随着放蜂次数增多而显著提高(P<0.05),连续放蜂3次后,卵粒寄生率为70.63%。【结论】夜蛾黑卵蜂对草地贪夜蛾卵的寄生能力强,繁殖速率高,对草地贪夜蛾种群具有较强的控制潜能。

【Objective】Evaluation of potential control ability of Telenomus remus Nixon in Nanning,Guangxi against Spodoptera frugiperda(Simth)was explored to provide the theoretical basis for a large number of artificial breeding of T.remus and application in field biological control.【Method】Under the conditions of temperature of(28±1)℃,and a rela‐tive humidity of(75±7)%,a photoperid of L∶D=14 h∶10 h,the experimental population life tables of S.frugiperda and T.remus were established respectively to evaluate the Parasitic functional response of T.remus on S.frugiperda.The T.re‐mus were released in the corn field 7 d interval,for 3 times according to the parasitoid-host ratio of 1∶10.The parasitism rate of S.frugiperda eggs was investigated.【Result】The results showed that the parameters of S.frugiperda were as fol‐lows:net reproduction population trend index(R0)of 137.32,intrinsic rate of increase(r_(m))of 0.1356,finite rate of in‐crease(λ)of 1.1452,average generation time(T)of 36.31 d.The parameters of S.frugiperda were as follows:R0=97.11,rm=0.4464,λ=1.5627,T=10.25 d.The comparison of life table parameters between S.frugiperda and T.remus showed that the average generation duration of S.frugiperda was about 3 times as that of T.remus.T.remus had a strong reproductive advantage in controlling S.frugiperda.The parasitism response to S.frugiperda eggs was consistent with Hol‐lingⅡmodel,with instantaneous attack rate(a')=0.9979,treatment time(Th)=0.0057,and maximum parasitism(Na_(max))=174.1 egg/d.The results of field experiment showed that the S.frugiperda parasite rate of egg mass was 100.00%,and the parasite rate of egg was significantly increased with the increase of T.remus release times(P<0.05).After 3 times of consecutive T.remus releases,the parasite rate of egg was 70.63%.【Conclusion】T.remus has strong para‐sitism ability on the eggs of S.frugiperda and high reproduction rate,and has strong control potential on S.frugiperda population.