个人信息刑法保护的比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Criminal Law Protection of Personal Information

信息时代,各种信息爆发性增长,网络成为信息查阅与存储的主要方式。这在赋予人们便利生活的同时,也带来严峻的信息安全挑战。从大数据“杀熟”“人脸识别第一案”到新冠疫情期间行程信息被泄露引发网暴,各种个人信息泄露问题频频爆发,个人信息安全的重要性逐渐引起社会的关注。为加强对个人信息的保护,2021年,我国出台并施行了《个人信息保护法》,填补了个人信息保护领域的许多空白,但个人信息泄露的案例仍在不断出现。在民法和行政法的手段难以遏制与提供有效救济的情形下,刑法的介入就显得尤为重要。侵犯公民个人信息的犯罪应当适当被规定在刑法之中。相较于对个人信息保护立法更为先进的国家,我国个人信息保护的刑法领域还有许多改进空间,可以在借鉴国外先进经验的基础上予以完善,健全个人信息保护的刑法保护体系。

In the information age,all kinds of information are exploding,and the network has become the main way of information access and storage.This not only gives people a convenient life,but also brings severe information security challenges.From big data"killing"and"the first case of face recognition"to the disclosure of travel information during the COVID-19 epidemic,various personal information leakage problems have broken out frequently,and the importance of personal information security has gradually attracted social attention.In order to strengthen the protection of personal information,China issued and implemented the"Personal Information Protection Law"in 2021,which fills many gaps in the field of personal information protection,but the cases of personal information leakage are still appearing.Under the circumstance that the means of civil law and administrative law are difficult to contain and provide effective relief,the intervention of criminal law is particularly important.The crime of infringing upon citizens'personal information shall be properly stipulated in the criminal law.Compared with the countries with more advanced legislation on personal information protection,there is still much room for improvement in the criminal law of personal information protection in China,which can be improved on the basis of learning from the advanced experience of foreign countries to improve the criminal law protection system of personal information protection.