碳基非金属催化剂在有机合成领域的应用及机理研究

Application and Mechanism Study of Carbon-Based Metal-Free Catalysts in Organic Synthesis

碳基非金属催化剂是指包括碳纳米管(CNTs)、氧化石墨烯(GO)、石墨烯(G)、活性炭(AC)及其掺杂或修饰后得到的材料作为用于涉及能量转换等关键反应过程的催化剂.碳基非金属催化剂由于具有来源丰富、成本低、对环境友好、后处理简单、可持续发展等优点,近年来被成功应用于有机合成领域.基于碳基非金属催化剂应用于氧化反应、还原反应、取代反应和偶联反应被成功报道,但针对碳基非金属催化剂应用于有机合成领域进行催化的活性位点的研究目前仍处于早期发展阶段.近年来,科学家们针对其机理的研究主要集中于对催化剂的表征分析和第一性原理计算,但未得出相对一致的实验结论.对碳基非金属催化剂在有机合成领域的应用及机理研究进行了综述.

Carbon nanotubes(CNTs),graphite oxide(GO),graphene(G),activated carbon(AC),and materials generated by AC after doping or modification are examples of carbon-based metal-free catalysts.These catalysts are used in critical chemical processes like energy conversion.Due to its advantages of abundant materials,low cost,environmental friendliness,straightforward post-processing and sustainable development,carbon-based metal-free catalysts have been successfully used in the field of organic synthesis in recent years.The application of carbon-based metal-free catalysts in oxidation,reduction,substitution and coupling reactions has been successfully reported.However,the research on the active site of carbon-based metal-free catalysts used in organic synthesis is still in its early stage of development.Recent research has mostly concentrated on the characterization and study of catalysts as well as first-principles predictions for their mechanisms,but generally consistent experimental conclusions have not been reached.Therefore,the application and mechanism research of carbon-based metal-free catalysts in the field of organic synthesis are reviewed.