福州华林寺的建筑审美与文化影响

Architecture Aesthetics and Cultural Influence of Hualin Temple in Fuzhou

在中国南方各地建筑中,福建建筑以其独特的风格形制别具特色。福州的华林寺在1958年就被鉴定为长江以南最古老木构建筑物,后虽经历代重修,大殿主要构架还是初建时原物,是研究我国南方木构建筑体系的珍贵实物资料。从华林寺的平面布局、历史脉络、建筑装饰、形制特点入手,寻找华林寺相较于同时期中国木构建筑的异同,分析其中蕴含的审美价值和文化内涵,最后通过对比典型建筑实例反映出华林寺在南北、中西方建筑文化交流中产生的影响,进一步探讨了建筑与地缘文化的关联。

Among the buildings in southern China,Fujian architecture has its unique style and shape.In 1958,Hualin Temple in Fuzhou was identified as the oldest wooden structure in the south of the Yangtze River.Although it underwent reconstruction later,the main structure of the main hall is still the original when it was built,which is a precious physical data for the study of the wooden architecture system in south China.This paper tries to find out the similarities and differences of Hualin Temple compared with Chinese wooden buildings of the same period from the plane layout,historical context,architectural decoration and shape characteristics,and analyzes its aesthetic value and cultural connotation.After that,through the comparison of typical architectural examples,it reflects the influence of Hualin Temple in the exchange of architectural culture between North and South and between China and the West,and further discusses the relationship between architecture and geo-culture.