风险管理对再生障碍性贫血ATG治疗期间不良事件的应用效果分析

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Risk Management Applied to Adverse Events during ATG Treatment for Aplastic Anemia

目的:观察风险管理在再生障碍性贫血患者接受免抗人胸腺细胞免疫球蛋白(ATG)治疗期间对不良事件的防治效果。方法:选取2020年8月—2022年3月南阳医学高等专科学校第一附属医院接受ATG治疗的127例再生障碍性贫血患者作为研究对象,采用电脑随机分组法将其分为干预组(64例,实施基于风险管理的临床护理)和常规组(63例,仅实施临床基础护理)。比较两组患者治疗期间不良事件发生情况、症状改善情况及预后情况。结果:干预组患者不良事件发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.433,P<0.05);干预组患者T淋巴细胞亚群与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(t=9.832、10.197、28.313、3.712,P<0.05);干预组患者血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞计数(RBC)、血小板计数(PLT)、中性粒细胞百分比(NE)高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.345、14.917、16.204、12.200,P<0.05);干预组患者随访期间病情复发率、死亡率低于对照组,简明健康生活状况量表(SF-36)评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.832、7.685,t=11.386,P<0.05)。结论:在再生障碍性贫血患者接受ATG治疗期间实施风险管理对降低不良事件发生率、增强治疗效果、改善免疫功能及预后并提升生活质量均有积极意义。

Objective:To observe the efficacy of risk management in the prevention and treatment of adverse events during treatment with anti-human thymocyte immunoglobulin(ATG)free in patients with aplastic anemia.Methods:127 patients with aplastic anemia who received ATG treatment in the hospital from August 2020 to March 2022 were selected as the study subjects,and they were divided into the intervention group(64 cases,clinical nursing care was implemented based on risk management)and the routine group(63 cases,only clinical basic nursing care was implemented)using the computerized random grouping method.The occurrence of adverse events,improvement of symptoms and prognosis during treatment were compared between the two groups.Results:The incidence of adverse events in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=5.433,P<0.05).The difference between T lymphocyte subsets in the intervention group and the control group was statistically significant(t=9.832,10.197,28.313,3.712;P<0.05).Hemoglobin(Hb),red blood cell count(RBC),platelet count(PLT),and percentage of neutrophils(NE)were higher in the intervention group than in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.345,14.917,16.204,12.200;P<0.05).The recurrence rate and mortality rate of the disease in the intervention group during the follow-up period were lower than those in the control group,and the score of the Brief Healthy Living Conditions Scale(SF-36)was higher than that of the control group,with statistically significant differences(χ^(2)=7.832,7.685,t=11.386;P<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing risk management during ATG therapy in patients with aplastic anemia is positive for reducing the incidence of adverse events,enhancing treatment efficacy,improving immune function and prognosis,and enhancing quality of life.