技能员工的薪酬福利激励效应分析——基于性格特征的角度

Analysis on Incentive Effects of Compensation&Welfare for Skilled Employees--Based on the perspective of Personality Characteristics

技能员工一直是我国走向制造强国的关键群体,企业对于技能员工的激励重视程度逐渐提高。本文借助2019年的“中国企业雇主-雇员匹配调查”的追踪数据,分析了技能员工的工资福利激励与性格特征对其工作努力水平的影响及其内在作用机制。基准回归结果表明:工资激励和福利激励对于技能员工的工作努力水平均具有正向影响,这一结果在解决内生性问题后依然稳健,且工资激励的效果要比福利激励效果更强。从作用机制上看,技能员工性格特征是影响这一因果关系的关键因素。其中,责任心强化了工资激励效果,责任心、宜人性增强了福利激励效果,开放性弱化了福利激励效果,且在高低技能群体中的作用不尽相同,具体表现在面对更高的工资激励水平时,具有高责任心的高技能员工比低技能员工努力水平更高。当面对企业提供的住房福利激励时,高宜人性的高技能员工能够更加努力工作以回馈组织,同时住房福利激励对高责任心的低技能员工的积极工作行为也有较好的预测力。

Skilled employees have always been important for China to build a manufacturing power, and enterprises have gradually paid more attention to motivate skilled employees. Using the CMEELS data conducted by the School of Labor and Human Resources,Renmin University of China in 2019, the paper analyzes the effects of compensation & welfare incentive and personality characteristics 0n skilled employees' hardworking levels and their internal work mechanisms. Regression results show that both compensation and welfare incentives have positive impacts on skilled employees' hardworking levels, which remains stable after solving the endogenous problem. The salary incentives' impact is more effective than that of welfare incentives. From the perspective of action mechanism, the personality characteristics of skilled employees are key factors affecting this causal relationship. Specially, responsibility enhances the salary incentive effect, while responsibility and agreeableness enhance the welfare incentive effect. Openness weakens the welfare incentive effect, which varies between high-skilled and low-skilled groups. Specifically, facing higher salary incentives, high-skilled employees with higher responsibility work harder than low-skilled employees. Facing housing benifits provided by enterprises, high-skilled employees with higher agreeableness can work harder for the organization. At the same time, housing benifits also have similar incentive effects on low-skilled employees.