不同营养评分系统对老年多发性骨髓瘤患者预后的影响

Effects of Different Nutritional Scoring Systems on Prognosis of Elderly Patients with Multiple Myeloma

目的:分析老年多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者预后营养指数(PNI)、控制营养状况(CONUT)及纤维蛋白原与白蛋白比值(FAR)水平及对预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析甘肃省人民医院2020年1月至2022年7月初诊74例老年MM患者的临床资料,通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线确定PNI、CONUT评分及FAR的最佳截断值,并据此对患者进行分组,分析上述3个指标与患者性别、血清钙、β_(2)-微球蛋白、血肌酐等临床参数的相关性;比较各指标不同水平患者生存率的差异;单因素及多因素分析各临床指标对患者预后的影响。结果:PNI、CONUT评分及FAR的最佳截断值分别为39.775、3.5及0.175。根据PNI、CONUT评分及FAR的最佳截断值将患者分为高低两组,统计分析显示患者白蛋白水平在不同组间均存在差异(均P<0.05)。此外,高PNI组与低PNI组患者的血红蛋白水平存在显著差异(P<0.05),而高FAR组与低FAR组患者性别分布存在差异(P<0.05)。PNI升高、CONUT及FAR降低的患者生存率更高(均P<0.05)。单因素及多因素分析显示,β_(2)-微球蛋白、血肌酐、PNI、CONUT评分及FAR是患者预后的独立影响因素。结论:PNI、CONUT评分及FAR与老年MM患者部分临床指标存在相关性,并对患者预后有影响。

Objective:To analyze the prognostic nutritional index(PNI),controlling nutritional status(CONUT)and fibrinogen/albumin ratio(FAR)levels in elderly patients with multiple myeloma(MM)and their prognostic impact.Methods:The clinical data of 74 elderly MM patients diagnosed in Gansu Provincial Hospital from January 2020 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The optimal cut-off values for PNI,CONUT score and FAR were obtained by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,which were used for grouping patients.The correlation of above three indexes with clinical parameters such as sex,serum calcium(Ca),β_(2)-microglobulin(β_(2)-MG),serum creatinine(Cr)in elderly MM patients were analyzed.The survival rates of patients with different levels of each index were compared.Univariate and multivariate analysis of the impact of clinical indicators on the prognosis of patients were performed.Results:The optimal cut-off values for PNI,CONUT score and FAR were 39.775,3.5 and 0.175,respectively,according to which the patients were divided into high and low group.Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in albumin level among different groups(all P<0.05).In addition,there was a significant difference in hemoglobin between high-PNI group and low-PNI group(P<0.05),while in sex distribution between high-FAR and lowFAR group(P<0.05).The survival rate of elderly MM patients with increased PNI,decreased CONUT score and FAR was higher(all P<0.05).Univariate and multivariate analysis showed thatβ_(2)-MG,Cr,PNI,CONUT score and FAR were independent prognostic factors for elderly MM patients.Conclusion:PNI,CONUT score and FAR are related to some clinical indicators of elderly MM patients,and have an impact on the prognosis.