基于16S rDNA测序技术分析实验用猫的肠道菌群特征

Analysis of Characteristics on Gut Microbiota of Laboratory Cats Based on 16S rDNA Sequencing

目的通过16S rDNA高通量测序研究不同品种和不同性别实验用猫肠道菌群的变化特征。方法选取实验用猫21只,根据实验用猫的品种和性别进行分组,按品种分组(普通组=12只、品种组=9只),按性别分组(雄性组=9只、雌性组=12只)。采取猫的粪便样本,提取DNA,PCR扩增,利用通过16S rDNA高通量测序进行菌群结构及多样性的差异分析。结果实验用猫门水平的优势菌为厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门(相对丰度之和大于96%)。属水平相对丰度水平较高的菌群为链球菌属、肠球菌属、欧鲁森氏菌属、普雷沃氏菌属、双歧杆菌属和柯林斯菌属。性别可对实验用猫肠道菌群的构成产生影响,且雄性猫和雌性猫之间存在丰度有统计学差异的菌种。相较于雌性猫,普雷沃氏菌属、柔嫩梭菌属和土孢杆菌属在雄性猫的肠道中的相对丰度增加(t检验,P<0.05)。结论利用16S rDNA高通量测序分析了实验用猫的肠道菌群的组成、丰度等基本特点,并阐述了性别及品种对实验用猫肠道菌群物种组成的影响。

Objective To study the variation characteristics of gut microbiota of laboratory cats of different breeds and sexes by high-throughput sequencing of 16 S rDNA.Method A total of 21 laboratory cats were grouped according to the breed and sex of the laboratory cats,grouped by breed(ordinary group=12,breed group=9),grouped by sex(male group=9,female group=12).Fecal samples of cats were taken,DNA extraction,PCR amplification,and differential analysis of bacterial community structure and diversity by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA.Result The dominant bacteria at the phylum in the experiment were Firmicutes,Bacteroides,and Actinobacteria(the sum of the relative abundances was more than 96%).The relatively abundant flora at the genus are Streptococcus、Enterococcus、Olsenella、Prevotella_9、Bifidobacterium and Collinsella.Sex can have an effect on the composition of the gut microbiota of laboratory cats,and there are statistically different abundances between male and female cats.Compared with female cats,Prevotella_9,Faecalibacterium and Terrisporobacter increased in the intestines of male cats(t test,P<0.05).Conclusion The basic characteristics of composition and abundance of the gut microbiota of laboratory cats are analyzed by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing,and the effects of sex and breed on the species composition of the gut microbiota of laboratory cats are described.