基于SPEI的黑龙江省干旱时空分布特征分析

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Drought in Heilongjiang Province Based on SPEI Drought Index

为分析黑龙江省干旱时空分布特征,利用黑龙江省27个站点1961~2020年的气象数据,采用Penman-Monteith公式计算不同时间尺度的标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI),从时间尺度和空间尺度分析黑龙江省干旱的分布特征。结果表明,黑龙江省近60年来干旱趋势在逐渐减弱,慢慢呈现湿润化趋势;春、夏、秋季呈不显著湿润化趋势(P>0.05),冬季呈显著湿润化趋势(P<0.05);在空间上其北部、西北部和东北部为干旱频发区,且干旱程度上多以轻旱和中旱为主。黑龙江省整体上干旱趋势减弱,干旱时空分布具有较明显的季节性和区域性。

In order to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of drought in Heilongjiang Province,the Penman-Monteith formula was used to calculate the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI)at different time scales based on the meteorological data of 27 stations from 1961 to 2020 in Heilongjiang Province.The distribution characteristics of drought in Heilongjiang Province were analyzed in terms of both time and spatial scales.The results show that the drought trend in Heilongjiang Province has been gradually weakening in the past 60 years,and slowly showing a wetting trend;There is a non-significant wetting trend in spring,summer and autumn(P>0.05),and a significant wetting trend in winter(P<0.05);In spatially,the north,northwest and northeast are drought-prone areas,and the degree of drought is mostly mild drought and moderate drought.The overall drought trend in Heilongjiang Province is weakening,and the spatial and temporal distribution of drought has more obvious seasonality and regional characteristics.