不同市场竞争环境下港口绿色减排与价格决策模型

Port green emission reduction and price decision model under various market competition environments

针对一个区域内两个相邻港口(一个绿色港口和一个普通港口)的绿色减排和价格决策问题,使用Stackelberg博弈理论,分别建立以绿色港口为主导的市场模式(GL模式)、以普通港口为主导的市场模式(OL模式)和无市场主导模式(NL模式)的决策模型,考察不同市场竞争环境对绿色减排和价格决策的影响。结果表明,绿色港口的服务价格与绿色减排率正相关,而普通港口的服务价格与绿色减排率负相关。不同的市场竞争环境对港口的绿色减排率的影响不同:GL模式下的绿色减排率最高,NL模式下的次之,OL模式下的最低。绿色减排率与绿色技术创新难度系数负相关,与政府对绿色港口的价格补贴系数正相关。政府对绿色港口的价格补贴能有效分担绿色减排前期的绿色技术创新投资风险。当航运企业的绿色偏好程度足够高时,无论在哪种市场主导模式下,其减排率都是一致的。政府在补贴绿色港口时也需要积极倡导绿色消费行为,让更多的市场主体参与到绿色消费中。

For the green emission reduction and price decision issue between two adjacent ports(one green port and one ordinary port)in a region,the Stackelberg game theory is used to establish the decision-making models under the green port as the market leader mode(GL mode),the ordinary port as the market leader mode(OL mode)and no market leader mode(NL mode),respectively,and the influence of various market competition environments on green emission reduction and price decision is investigated.The results indicate that the service price of the green port is positively correlated with the emission reduction rate,while the service price of the ordinary port is negatively correlated with it.Various market competition environments have different effects on the emission reduction rate of ports:the green emission reduction rate under the GL mode is the highest,followed by the NL mode,and the green emission reduction rate under the OL mode is the lowest.The emission reduction rate is negatively correlated with the difficulty coefficient of the green technology innovation,and positively correlated with the price subsidy coefficient of government for the green port.The government price subsidy for the green port can effectively share the investment risk of the green technology innovation in the early stage of green emission reduction.When the green preference degree of shipping enterprises is higher enough,the emission reduction rate is consistent under every market-dominated mode.The government needs to advocate the green consumption behaviors when subsidizing green ports,so as to enable more market players to participate in the green consumption.