产前信息化宣传教育对产妇待产心理、自我效能及妊娠结局影响

Effects of the information-based prenatal propaganda and education for pregnant women on their expectant psychology,self-efficacy and pregnancy outcomes

目的:探究产妇待产时实施信息化产前宣教对心理状态、自我效能与妊娠结局的影响。方法:从本院2020年3月1日-2023年3月1日产前检查的孕妇中筛选80例进行干预,依据双盲法分信息化组、常规组各40例。两组均实施常规健康宣教,信息化组同时实施信息化产前宣教干预,持续干预1个月直至分娩。对比干预前后心理状态、自我效能、妊娠压力、睡眠状态、妊娠结局与产后康复情况。结果:两组教育后的状态焦虑、特质焦虑评分均降低且信息化组(34.6±2.9分、34.1±3.5分)低于常规组(40.0±3.5分、40.1±4.6分),两组教育后自我效能评分均升高且信息化组健康行为(9.98±1.5分)、日常生活(9.9±1.7分)、药物治疗(10.2±1.5分)及遵医行为(10.5±1.7分)评分均高于常规组(8.0±1.1分、7.7±1.2分、8.7±1.3分、8.6±1.5分),两组睡眠状况自评量表评分、妊娠压力量表评分均降低且信息化组(11.3±2.3分、42.2±2.5分)低于常规组(13.5±3.1分、54.8±3.0分);信息化组不良妊娠结局发生率(7.5%)低于常规组(35.0%),产后康复指标下床活动时间(21.1±4.6h)、排气时间(17.6±3.1h)、排便时间(38.4±5.2h)均短于常规组(28.1±5.2h、24.6±4.9h、46.4±6.8h)(均P<0.05)。结论:信息化产前宣教可有效缓解产妇待产时的负面心理情绪与妊娠压力,提升产妇自我效能感、睡眠质量,改善妊娠结局并促进产后康复。

Objective:To explore the effects of the information-based prenatal propaganda and education for pregnant women on their expectant psychology,self-efficacy and pregnancy outcomes.Methods:80 pregnant women who could be antenatal propaganda and examination from March 1,2020 to March 1,2023 were selected and were divided into two groups(40 cases in each group)according to random method.The women in the control group were given the routine prenatal health education continually for 1 month until delivery,and the women in the study group were given the information-based combined with the routine prenatal health propaganda and education continually for 1 month until delivery.The psychological state,self-efficacy,pregnancy stress,sleep state,pregnancy outcomes and postpartum recovery of the women before and after intervention were compared between the two groups.Results:The scores of state anxiety and trait anxiety of the women in both groups after propaganda and education had decreased significantly,and the which(34.6±2.9 points and 34.1±3.5 points)of the women in the study group were significantly lower than those(40.0±3.5 points and 40.1±4.6 points)of the women in the control group.The self-efficacy scores of the women in the two groups after propaganda and education had increased significantly.The scores of health behavior(9.98±1.5 points),daily life(9.9±1.7 points),drug treatment(10.2±1.5 points)and compliance behavior(10.5±1.7 points)of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those(8.0±1.1 points,7.7±1.2 points,8.7±1.3 points and 8.6±1.5points)of the women in the control group.The scores of the sleep status self-rating scale and pregnancy stress scale of the women in both groups after propaganda and education had decreased significantly,and the which(11.3±2.3points and 42.2±2.5points)of the women in the study group were significantly lower than those(13.5±3.1points and 54.8±3.0points)of the women in the control group.The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes(7.5%)of the women in the study group was significantly less than that(35.0%)of the women in the control group.The time of getting out of bed(21.1±4.6h),the exhaust time(17.6±3.1h),the defecation time(38.4±5.2h)of the women in the study group were significantly shorter than those(28.1±5.2h,24.6±4.9hand 46.4±6.8h)of the women in the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Information-based prenatal propaganda and education for the pregnant women can alleviate their negative psychological emotions and pregnancy pressure,effectively improve their self-efficacy and sleep quality and their pregnancy outcomes,and which also can promote their postpartum rehabilitation.