遵义市老年住院患者衰弱现状及影响因素分析

Current status and influencing factors of frailty among elderly inpatients in Zunyi City

目的:了解遵义市老年住院患者的衰弱现状并分析影响因素。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取2022年10月—2023年3月在遵义医科大学附属医院、遵义医科大学第二附属医院、遵义市第一人民医院、贵州航天医院、遵义市中医院和遵义市红花岗区人民医院6所医疗机构住院治疗的老年患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、Barthel指数评定量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表、老年抑郁量表、衰弱筛查量表对研究对象进行调查。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨遵义市老年住院患者衰弱的影响因素。结果:共发放问卷4013份,回收有效问卷3853份,问卷有效回收率为96.01%(3853/4013)。老年住院患者衰弱的发生率为15.05%(580/3853)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,多病共存、长期用药种类、日常生活活动能力、睡眠质量、抑郁是老年住院患者发生衰弱的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:老年住院患者的衰弱发生率较高。医护人员应关注多病共存、长期服用多种药物、日常生活活动能力下降、睡眠质量差、抑郁情绪的老年住院患者,并为其制订针对性的干预措施。

Objective To explore the current status of frailty among elderly inpatients in Zunyi City and analyze its influencing factors.Methods From October 2022 to March 2023,convenience sampling was used to select elderly patients who were hospitalized and treated at six hospitals,namely the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University,the First People's Hospital of Zunyi,Guizhou Aerospace Hospital,Zunyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and People's Hospital of Honghuagang District,Zunyi,as the research subject.The study subjects were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire,Barthel Index,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,Geriatric Depression Scale,and Fatigue,Resistance,Ambulation,Illness,Loss of Weight Scale.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of frailty in elderly inpatients in Zunyi City.Results A total of 4013 questionnaires were distributed and 3853 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective response rate of 96.01%(3853/4013).The incidence of frailty in elderly inpatients was 15.05%(580/3853).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the coexistence of multiple diseases,types of long-term medication,activities of daily living,sleep quality,and depression were the influencing factors for frailty in elderly inpatients(P<0.05).Conclusions The incidence of frailty in elderly inpatients was high.Medical and nursing staff should pay attention to elderly inpatients with the coexistence of multiple diseases,long-term use of multiple medications,decreased activities of daily living,poor sleep quality,and depressive emotions,and develop targeted intervention measures for them.